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71問 為什麼說稱義是上帝白白恩典的作為呢？
王志勇版
三十九．稱義與恩典
71問：為什麼說稱義是上帝白白恩典的作為呢？
答：儘管基督藉其順服和受死，確實代表那些被稱義之人，對上帝的公義， 作出了適當的、真正的、完全的補償（羅5:8－10，19）；但是， 因為上帝是從一個保證人接受補償，這也是祂可以要求他們的，而且上帝確實提供了這一保證人，就是祂的獨生子（提前2:5－6；來10:10；太20:28；但 9:24，26；賽53:4－6，10－12；來7:22；羅8:32；彼前1:18－ 19），把祂的義歸算在他們身上（林後5:21），使他們惟獨藉著信稱義（羅3:24－25），向他們別無 所求，這信心也是祂的恩賜（弗2:8），所以，他們的稱義是因著白白的恩典歸給他們的（弗1:7）。
呂沛淵版
問：為何「稱義」是神白白恩典的作為？
答：雖然基督藉著順服與受死，的確為我們向神獻上贖罪，這是適當，真實與完全的滿足了神公義的要求。然而，事實上：
（1）神可以定規我們要自己負責，然而神接納藉著中保代贖來滿足祂公義的要求
（2）神親自賜下這位中保，就是祂的獨生子，將祂兒子的義歸算給我們，
（3）我們得以稱義並非出於我們自己，唯獨是藉著信，連這信心也是祂所賜的；
所以，我們得以稱義，對我們而言，完全是神白白的恩典。
OPC版
Q. 71. How is justification an act of God's free grace?
A. Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God's justice in the behalf of them that are justified; yet inasmuch as God accepteth the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son, imputing his righteousness to them, and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith, which also is his gift, their justification is to them of free grace.
CCEL版
Question 71: How is justification an act of God's free grace?
Answer: Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God's justice in the behalf of them that are justified; yet inasmuch as God accepts the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son, imputing his righteousness to them, and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith, which also is his gift, their justification is to them of free grace.
CRTA版
Q. 71. How is justification an act of God’s free grace?
A. Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God’s justice in the behalf of them that are justified;[291] yet in as much as God accepteth the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son,[292] imputing his righteousness to them,[293] and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith,[294] which also is his gift,[295] their justification is to them of free grace.[296]
證明經文
羅 5:8 惟有基督在我們還作罪人的時候為我們死， 神的愛就在此向我們顯明了。 羅 5:9 現在我們既靠着他的血稱義，就更要藉着他免去 神的忿怒。 羅 5:10 因為我們作仇敵的時候，且藉着 神兒子的死，得與 神和好；既已和好，就更要因他的生得救了。 (和合本 CUV)
羅 5:19 因一人的悖逆，眾人成為罪人；照樣，因一人的順從，眾人也成為義了。 (和合本 CUV)
提前 2:5 因為只有一位 神，在 神和人中間，只有一位中保，乃是降世為人的基督耶穌。 提前 2:6 他舍自己作萬人的贖價，到了時候，這事必證明出來。 (和合本 CUV)
來 10:10 我們憑這旨意，靠耶穌基督只一次獻上他的身體，就得以成聖。 (和合本 CUV)
但 9:24 「為你本國之民和你聖城，已經定了七十個七。要止住罪過，除淨罪惡，贖盡罪孽，引進(或作「彰顯」)永義，封住異象和預言，並膏至聖者(「者」或作「所」)。 (和合本 CUV)
但 9:26 過了六十二個七，那受膏者(「那」或作「有」)必被剪除，一無所有。必有一王的民來毀滅這城和聖所，至終必如洪水沖沒。必有爭戰，一直到底，荒涼的事已經定了。 (和合本 CUV)
賽 53:4 他誠然擔當我們的憂患，背負我們的痛苦；我們卻以為他受責罰，被 神擊打苦待了。 賽 53:5 哪知他為我們的過犯受害，為我們的罪孽壓傷；因他受的刑罰我們得平安，因他受的鞭傷我們得醫治。 賽 53:6 我們都如羊走迷，各人偏行己路，耶和華使我們眾人的罪孽都歸在他身上。 (和合本 CUV)
賽 53:10 耶和華卻定意(或作「喜悅」)將他壓傷，使他受痛苦。耶和華以他為贖罪祭(或作「他獻本身為贖罪祭」)。他必看見後裔，並且延長年日，耶和華所喜悅的事，必在他手中亨通。 賽 53:11 他必看見自己勞苦的功效，便心滿意足。有許多人，因認識我的義僕得稱為義，並且他要擔當他們的罪孽。 賽 53:12 所以，我要使他與位大的同分，與強盛的均分擄物。因為他將命傾倒，以致於死，他也被列在罪犯之中；他卻擔當多人的罪，又為罪犯代求。 (和合本 CUV)
來 7:22 既是起誓立的，耶穌就作了更美之約的中保。 (和合本 CUV)
羅 8:32 神既不愛惜自己的兒子為我們眾人舍了，豈不也把萬物和他一同白白地賜給我們嗎？ (和合本 CUV)
彼前 1:18 知道你們得贖，脫去你們祖宗所傳流虛妄的行為，不是憑着能壞的金銀等物， 彼前 1:19 乃是憑着基督的寶血，如同無瑕疵、無玷污的羔羊之血。 (和合本 CUV)
林後 5:21 神使那無罪的(「無罪」原文作「不知罪」)，替我們成為罪，好叫我們在他裡面成為 神的義。 (和合本 CUV)
羅 3:24 如今卻蒙 神的恩典，因基督耶穌的救贖，就白白地稱義。 羅 3:25 神設立耶穌作挽回祭，是憑着耶穌的血，借着人的信，要顯明 神的義；因為他用忍耐的心寬容人先時所犯的罪， (和合本 CUV)
弗 2:8 你們得救是本乎恩，也因着信，這並不是出於自己，乃是 神所賜的； (和合本 CUV)
弗 1:7 我們藉這愛子的血，得蒙救贖，過犯得以赦免，乃是照他豐富的恩典。 (和合本 CUV)
Proof Scripture Verses
[291] Romans 5:8-10, 19. But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved from wrath through him. For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life.... For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous.
[292] 1 Timothy 2:5-6. For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time. Hebrews 10:10. By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. Matthew 20:28. Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many. Daniel 9:24, 26. Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy.... And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined. Isaiah 53:4-6, 10-12. Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the LORD hath laid on him the iniquity of us all.... Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. Hebrews 7:22. By so much was Jesus made a surety of a better testament. Romans 8:32. He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? 1 Peter 1:18-19. Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot.
[293] 2 Corinthians 5:21. For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.
[294] Romans 3:24-25. Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus: Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God.
[295] Ephesians 2:8. For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God.
[296] Ephesians 1:17. That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him.
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