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威斯敏斯特信条第1章
第一章 论圣经
中文赵中辉版
一、本性之光与创造护理之工,虽彰显神的善良、智慧和权能,叫人无可推诿1;但都不足以将得救所必须的,有关神及其旨意的知识赐予人2。所以神愿意多次多方将自己启示给他的教会,并向教会宣布□的旨意3;以后,为了更加保守并传扬真理的缘故,而且为了更坚立教会,安慰教会,抵挡肉体的败坏,并撒但与世界的恶意起见,遂将全部启示笔之于书4。于是,神先前向他百姓启示自己旨意的方法已经停止5,故圣经成为我们最必要的6。
二、在圣经,或笔之于书的神言的名义下,包括旧新约全书,即旧约三十九卷,新约二十七卷(书名于此从略)。这些书都是出于神的默示7,为信仰与生活的准则。
三、一般称为伪经(Apocrypha)的各卷,既非出于神的默感,所以不属圣经正典,因此(伪经)在神的教会中没有权威,只能当作其他属人的著作看待或使用之8。
四、应受信服的圣经权威,不在乎任何人或教会的见证,乃完全在乎神(他是真理的本身)是圣经的著者。因为圣经是神的话,所以当为我们接受9。
五、我们可能受教会所作之见证的感动与影响,因而对圣经有高度敬畏的尊重10。圣经主题属天的性质,教义的效力,文体的庄严,各部的符合,全体的目的(将一切的荣耀都归给神),人类唯一得救之道充份的显示,和其他许多无比的优秀点,以及全体的完整,都足以证明圣经本身为神言的证据。虽然如此,我们所以十分接纳并确实相信圣经之无谬的真理性与属神的权威,乃是由于圣灵内在之工,借着并同着神的话在我们心中所作的见证11。
六、凡神关于他自己的荣耀,人的得救,信仰与生活一切所必须之事的全备旨意,都明明记载在圣经内,或从圣经中推出正当的与必然的结论;所以无论何时,不可借着圣灵的新启示,或凭人的遗传,给圣经再加上什么12。虽然如此,但我们承认为了明了圣经中所启示的得救知识,圣灵的内在光照是必须的13;并且承认有些关于敬拜神,和教会行政的某些详情,因与人类行为和人类社会是相关的,故亦可凭人的经验和基督徒的智慧来规定,但必须时常遵照圣经的一般规则14。
七、圣经中所有的事本不都一样清楚,对各人也不都同样明 了15;但为得救所必须知道,必须相信,必须遵守的那些事,在圣 经的各处都有清楚的提示与论列,不但是学者,就是不学无术的 人,只要正当使用普通方法,都能得到适当的理解16。
八、用希伯来文(是古时神选民的国语)所写的旧约,和用希利尼文(是新约时代各国最通行的文字)所写的新约,都是受神直接的灵感,并且由于神特别的照顾与护理,历经世代,保守纯正,所以是可靠的17;因此一切有关宗教的争辩,教会终当以圣经为最高裁判者18。但因神的众百姓并不都通晓这些圣经原文,而且他们对圣经有权利与兴味,并以敬畏神的心,听神吩咐去诵读和考查圣经19;所以凡圣经所到之地,都应译成各国的通行语20,使神的话丰丰富富地存在各人心里,令他们可以用讨神喜悦的方式去敬拜21,并借着圣经的忍耐和安慰可以得着盼望22。
九、解释圣经的无谬规则就是圣经本身(以经解经)。所以对圣经哪一部分的真正和圆满意义发生疑问时(该意义不能有多种,只有一个),就当用他处较为更明了的经文,借以查究和明了其真义23。
十、决定宗教上的一切争论,审查教会会议的一切决议,古代著者的意见,世人的教训和私人的灵感,都当以在圣经中说话的圣灵为最高裁判者,而且对其判决拳拳服膺24。
1. 罗二14-15,一19-20,一32,二1,诗十九1-3。
2. 林前一21,二13-14。
3. 来一1。
4. 箴廿二19-21;路一3-4;罗十五4;太四4、7、10;赛八19-20。
5. 来一1-2。
6. 提后三15;彼后一19。
7. 路十六29、31;弗二20;启廿二18-19;提后三16。
8. 路廿四27、44;罗三2;彼后一21。
9. 彼后一 19、21;提后三16;约壹五9;帖前二13。
10. 提前三15。
11. 约壹二20、27;约十六13-14;林前二10-12;赛五十九21。
12. 提后三15-17;加一8-9;帖后二2。
13. 约六45;林前二9-12。
14. 林前十一13-14,十四26、40。
15. 彼后三16。
16. 诗一一九105、130。
17. 太五18。
18. 赛八20;徒十五15;约五39、46。
19. 约五39。
20. 林前十四6、9、11-12、24、27-28。
21. 西三16。
22. 罗十五4。
23. 彼后一20-21;徒十五15-16。
24. 太廿二29、31;弗二20;徒廿八25
中文王志勇版
一.自然之光和创造、护理之工,原彰显上帝的慈爱、智慧和权能,使人无可推诿(罗2:14,15;1:19,20;诗19:1,3;罗1:32;2:1);但它们并不足以将那得救所必需的对上帝及其旨意的知识给与人(林前1:21;2:13,14);所以主乐意多次多方将自己启示出来,向教会晓喻祂的旨意(来1:1);以后主为了更好地保守并传扬真理,且为了更加坚立教会,安慰教会,抵挡肉体的败坏以及撒但和世界的 毒害,遂使全部启示笔之于书(箴22:19,21; 路1:3,4;罗15:4;太4:4,7,10;赛8:19-20)。因此,圣经乃为至要(提后3:15;彼后1:19),因 为上帝从前向祂百姓启示自己旨意的这些方法,如今已经止息(来1:1,2)。
二.圣经,即上帝的圣言,包括旧新约各卷书,其名称为: 旧约各卷书为:《创世记》,《出埃及记》,《利未记》,《民数记》, 《申命记》;《约书亚记》,《士师记》, 《路得记》,《撒母耳记上》,《撒母耳记下》,《列王纪上》,《列王纪下》,《历代志上》,《历代志下》,《以斯拉记》 ,《尼希米记》,《以斯帖记》,《约伯记》,《诗篇》,《箴言》,《传道书》,《雅歌》;《以赛亚书》,《耶利米书》,《耶利米哀歌》,《以西结书》, 《但以理书》;《何西阿书》,《约珥书》,《阿摩司书》,《俄巴底亚书》 ,《约拿书》,《弥迦书》,《那鸿书》,《哈巴谷书》,《西番雅书》,《哈该书》,《撒迦利亚书》,《玛拉基书》。 新 约各卷书为:《马太福音》,《马可福音》,《路加福音》,《约翰福音》;《使徒行传》;《罗马书》,《哥林多前书》,《哥林多后书》,《加拉太书》,《以 弗所书》,《腓立比书》,《歌罗西书》,《帖撒罗尼迦前书》,《帖撒罗尼迦后书》,《提摩太前书》,《提摩太后书》,《提多书》,《腓利门书》,《希伯来 书》,《雅各书》,《彼得前书》, 《彼得后书》,《约翰一书》,《约翰二书》,《约翰三书》,《犹大书》;《启示录》。 这些书卷都是上帝所默示的,是信仰与生活的准则(路16:29,31;弗2:20;启22:18,19;提后 3:16)。
圣经,即上帝的圣言,包括旧新约各卷书,其名称为:旧约各卷书为:创世记,出埃及记,利未记,民数记,申命记;约书亚记,士师记,路得记,撒母耳记上,撒母耳记下,列王纪上,列王纪下,历代志上,历代志下,以斯拉记,尼希米记,以斯帖记,约伯记,诗篇,箴言,传道书,雅歌;以赛亚书,耶利米书,耶利米哀歌,以西结书,但以理书;何西阿书,约珥书,阿摩司书,俄巴底亚书,约拿书,弥迦书,那鸿书,哈巴谷书,西番雅书,哈该书,撒迦利亚书,玛拉基书。新约各卷书为:马太福音,马可福音,路加福音,约翰福音;使徒行传;罗马书,哥林多前书,哥林多后书,加拉太书,以弗所书,腓立比书,歌罗西书,帖撒罗尼迦前书,帖撒罗尼迦后书,提摩太前书,提摩太后书,提多书,腓利门书,希伯来书,雅各书,彼得前书,彼得后书,约翰一书,约翰二书,约翰三书,犹大书;启示录。这些书卷都是上帝所默示的,是信仰与生活的准则
三、通常称为次经的各卷,并非出于上帝的默示,所以不属于圣经正典;因此,它们在上帝的教会中没有任何权威性,只能当作一般人的著作来看待或使用(路24:27,44;罗3:2;彼后1:21)。
四.圣经的权威性应当受到人的信服,这权威性并不倚赖任何个人或教会的 见证,而是完全在于其作者上帝,祂就是真理本身。所以,既然圣经是上帝的圣言(彼 后1:19,21;提后3:16;约壹5:9;帖前2:13),我们就应当接受。
五.我们可能受教会见证的感动和影响,因而当以高度尊重和敬畏之心珍视 圣经(提前3:15)。圣经属天的性质,教义的效力,文体的庄严,各部的契合,整书的目的(就是将一切荣耀都归给上 帝),人类惟一得救之道的完全展示,和其他许多无可比拟的优点,及整卷书的全备,都十足自证其为上帝的圣言;虽然如此,我们得以完全信服并确知圣经无谬的 真理性和神圣的权威性,乃是由于圣灵的内在之工,祂借着上帝的圣言,并与上帝的圣言一道在我们心里作证(约壹2:20,27;约16:13,14;林前 2:10,12;赛59:21)。
六.上帝全备的旨意,也就是关于祂自己的荣耀、人的得救、信仰和生活所 必需的一切事,或已明确记载于圣经之中,或可用合理的推论,由圣经引申出必然的结论;不论是所谓的圣灵的新启示,还是人的遗传,都不得于任何时候加入圣经(提后3:15,17;加1:8,9;帖后2:2)。然而,我们承认,要明白圣经中所启示的使人得救的知识,圣灵内在的光照是必不可少的(约6:45;林前2:9,10,12);有若干关于敬拜上帝和教会治理的处境性细节,与人类日常生活和社会团体有相通之处,可以根据自然 之光和基督徒的智慧予以规定,但总要遵照圣道的通则(林前11:13,14;14:26,40)。
七.圣经中所记各事本身并不都是一样明显,对各人也不都是一样清楚;然 而为得救所必须知道、相信并遵行的事,在圣经此处或彼处已明载而详论,以致不仅有学识的,而且无学识的,只要正当使用通常的蒙恩之道,便都可以有充分的理 解(彼后3:16;诗 119:105,130)。
八.希伯来文(古时上帝选民的文字)旧约,和希腊文(新约时代各国最通 用的文字)新约,都是上帝直接默示的,并且其纯正因上帝特别看顾和护理而在历代得以保守,所以它们是真实可信的(太5:18);一切有关宗教的辩论,教会最终都当诉诸圣经(赛8:20;徒15:15;约5:39,46)。但因这些原文并非为上帝的众民所通晓,而他们都有权利拥有圣经,并从中得益,而且上帝也吩咐他们 存敬畏的心去诵读查考(约5:39),所以,圣经所到之处,都应译成当地民族的方言(林前14:6,9,11,12,24,27,28),使上帝的话充充满满地寓于各地选民的心中,他们就可以用上帝所悦纳的方式去敬拜祂(西3:16),并可以因圣经所赐的忍耐和安慰得着盼望(罗15:4)。
九.解释圣经无谬的规则,就是以经解经;因此,当我们对圣经某处真实和 完全的意义发生疑问时(该意义只有一个,不是多种),就当查考其它更清楚的经文来加以解明(彼后1:20,21;徒15:15-16)。
十. 要判断一切宗教的争论,审查一切教会会议的决议、古代作者的意见、世人的教训和私人的经历,我们所当依据的最高裁决者,除在圣经中说话的圣灵以外,别无其 他(太22:29,31;弗 2:20;徒28:25)。
中文吕沛渊版
1.1虽然自然启示之光、上帝的创造、护理工作彰显上帝的善良、智慧、权能,叫人无可推诿,却不足以使人认识上帝及其旨意,这是得救所必须的。所以上帝乐意多次多方向祂的教会启示祂自己,并向教会宣布祂的旨意;之后为了更佳保守、传扬真理,更加坚立、安慰教会,抵挡肉体的败坏、撒但与世界的恶毒,就把这些启示全部记载成文,因此圣经是最必要的,因为上帝先前启示祂旨意给祂百姓的方法,现在已经停止使用了。
1.2称为“圣经”,即“上帝的圣言,记载成文”,包括旧新约全书,即旧约39卷,新约27卷 (从创世记到启示录)。这些都是上帝所默示的,作为信仰与生活的准则。
1.3 通常称为“次经”的各卷书,不是上帝的默示,不属圣经正典,所以在上帝的教会中没有权威,不被认可或使用,只能将它们当作一般人的著作来看待。
1.4我们应信服圣经的权威,这权威不在于任何人或教会的见证,乃完全在于其作者是上帝 (祂自己就是真理)。所以我们应当领受圣经,因为圣经是上帝的话。
1.5我们可能受教会的见证的感动与影响,因而高举圣经、敬重圣经。圣经内容属天的性质、教义的效力、文体的庄严、各部的一致、整体的要旨 (将一切的荣耀归给上帝) 、人类惟一得救之道的完整彰显、许多无可比拟的卓越、以及整本书的全然完美,都足以证明圣经本身就是上帝的话。虽然如此,我们得以完全确信圣经无谬真理与属上帝权威的原因,是圣灵在我们内心作工,借着上帝的话、也与上帝的话一同在我们心中作见证。
1.6上帝全备的旨意,与上帝自己的荣耀、人的得救、信仰和生活有关的一切必要之事,圣经都明明记载,或是可以用正当且必要的推论,从圣经引申出来。所以无论在任何时刻都不可加添;无论是借着所谓的“圣灵的新启示”,或凭人的遗传,都不能加添圣经的内容。然而,我们承认:(1) 必须有圣灵在我们里面光照我们,我们才能明白圣经中所启示的,使我们得救﹔我们也承认:(2) 关于敬拜上帝和教会治理的环境细节(与人类日常生活以及社会团体有相通之处),这时我们就应该按照圣经的总原则,以自然启示之光、基督徒的明智来判断,因为圣经是我们在凡事上都要遵守的。
1.7 圣经的内容并不是每个地方都同样清楚,也不是对每个人都同样明白;但凡是得救所必须知道、相信、遵守的事,在圣经此处或彼处总是记载的非常清楚,而且解释十分明白;所以,不仅是有学问的人,就是无学问的人,只要适当使用普通的方法,就能充分理解。
1.8 希伯来文 (古时上帝选民的母语)的旧约,和希腊文 (当时各国最通行的语言)的新约,都是受上帝直接的默示,而且上帝在历世历代都以独特的方式照顾护理,保守纯正,所以是真确的权威﹔因此一切信仰上的争议,教会最后都要以圣经为最高依归。但因上帝的子民并不都通晓这些圣经原文,可是他们都有权、也都有份于圣经,而且上帝吩咐他们以敬畏上帝的态度诵读查考圣经﹔所以凡圣经所到之处,都应译成当地通行的语言,使上帝的话可以丰丰富富地存在众人心里,他们就可以用上帝所喜悦的方式敬拜祂,并可以因圣经所生的忍耐和安慰得着盼望。
1.9 解释圣经的唯一无谬误规则,就是以经解经。所以当我们对任何一处圣经的真实完整意义(每处圣经都只有一个意思,而没有多种意思)有疑问时,就当查考圣经其他多处更清楚的经文,以解明其真义。
1.10要判断信仰上一切争论,要审查所有的教会会议决议、古代作者意见、人们的教导、个人属灵领受时,我们所当依据的最高裁判者只有一位,就是在圣经中说话的圣灵。唯有祂在圣经中的定案,我们才能安心满足。
英文OPC版
CHAPTER 1 OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURE
1. Although the light of nature, and the works of creation and providence do so far manifest the goodness, wisdom, and power of God, as to leave men unexcusable; yet are they not sufficient to give that knowledge of God, and of his will, which is necessary unto salvation. Therefore it pleased the Lord, at sundry times, and in divers manners, to reveal himself, and to declare that his will unto his church; and afterwards, for the better preserving and propagating of the truth, and for the more sure establishment and comfort of the church against the corruption of the flesh, and the malice of Satan and of the world, to commit the same wholly unto writing: which maketh the Holy Scripture to be most necessary; those former ways of God's revealing his will unto his people being now ceased.
2. Under the name of Holy Scripture, or the Word of God written, are now contained all the books of the Old and New Testaments, which are these:
Of the Old Testament:
Genesis II Chronicles Daniel Exodus Ezra Hosea Leviticus Nehemiah Joel Numbers Esther Amos Deuteronomy Job Obadiah Joshua Psalms Jonah Judges Proverbs Micah Ruth Ecclesiastes Nahum I Samuel The Song of Songs Habakkuk II Samuel Isaiah Zephaniah I Kings Jeremiah Haggai II Kings Lamentations Zechariah I Chronicles Ezekiel Malachi Of the New Testament:
The Gospels Galatians The Epistle according to Ephesians of James Matthew Philippians The first and Mark Colossians second Epistles Luke Thessalonians I of Peter John Thessalonians II The first, second, The Acts of the to Timothy I and third Epistles Apostles to Timothy II of John Paul's Epistles to Titus The Epistle to the Romans to Philemon of Jude Corinthians I The Epistle to The Revelation Corinthians II the Hebrews of John All which are given by inspiration of God to be the rule of faith and life.
3. The books commonly called Apocrypha, not being of divine inspiration, are no part of the canon of the Scripture, and therefore are of no authority in the church of God, nor to be any otherwise approved, or made use of, than other human writings.
4. The authority of the Holy Scripture, for which it ought to be believed, and obeyed, dependeth not upon the testimony of any man, or church; but wholly upon God (who is truth itself) the author thereof: and therefore it is to be received, because it is the Word of God.
5. We may be moved and induced by the testimony of the church to an high and reverent esteem of the Holy Scripture. And the heavenliness of the matter, the efficacy of the doctrine, the majesty of the style, the consent of all the parts, the scope of the whole (which is, to give all glory to God), the full discovery it makes of the only way of man's salvation, the many other incomparable excellencies, and the entire perfection thereof, are arguments whereby it doth abundantly evidence itself to be the Word of God: yet notwithstanding, our full persuasion and assurance of the infallible truth and divine authority thereof, is from the inward work of the Holy Spirit bearing witness by and with the Word in our hearts.
6. The whole counsel of God concerning all things necessary for his own glory, man's salvation, faith and life, is either expressly set down in Scripture, or by good and necessary consequence may be deduced from Scripture: unto which nothing at any time is to be added, whether by new revelations of the Spirit, or traditions of men. Nevertheless, we acknowledge the inward illumination of the Spirit of God to be necessary for the saving understanding of such things as are revealed in the Word: and that there are some circumstances concerning the worship of God, and government of the church, common to human actions and societies, which are to be ordered by the light of nature, and Christian prudence, according to the general rules of the Word, which are always to be observed.
7. All things in Scripture are not alike plain in themselves, nor alike clear unto all: yet those things which are necessary to be known, believed, and observed for salvation, are so clearly propounded, and opened in some place of Scripture or other, that not only the learned, but the unlearned, in a due use of the ordinary means, may attain unto a sufficient understanding of them.
8. The Old Testament in Hebrew (which was the native language of the people of God of old), and the New Testament in Greek (which, at the time of the writing of it, was most generally known to the nations), being immediately inspired by God, and, by his singular care and providence, kept pure in all ages, are therefore authentical; so as, in all controversies of religion, the church is finally to appeal unto them. But, because these original tongues are not known to all the people of God, who have right unto, and interest in the Scriptures, and are commanded, in the fear of God, to read and search them, therefore they are to be translated into the vulgar language of every nation unto which they come, that, the Word of God dwelling plentifully in all, they may worship him in an acceptable manner; and, through patience and comfort of the Scriptures, may have hope.
9. The infallible rule of interpretation of Scripture is the Scripture itself: and therefore, when there is a question about the true and full sense of any Scripture (which is not manifold, but one), it must be searched and known by other places that speak more clearly.
10. The supreme judge by which all controversies of religion are to be determined, and all decrees of councils, opinions of ancient writers, doctrines of men, and private spirits, are to be examined, and in whose sentence we are to rest, can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture.
英文CRTA版
Chapter I
Of the Holy Scripture
I. Although the light of nature, and the works of creation and providence do so far manifest the goodness, wisdom, and power of God, as to leave men unexcusable;[1] yet are they not sufficient to give that knowledge of God, and of His will, which is necessary unto salvation.[2] Therefore it pleased the Lord, at sundry times, and in divers manners, to reveal Himself, and to declare that His will unto His Church;[3] and afterwards for the better preserving and propagating of the truth, and for the more sure establishment and comfort of the Church against the corruption of the flesh, and the malice of Satan and of the world, to commit the same wholly unto writing;[4] which makes the Holy Scripture to be most necessary;[5] those former ways of God's revealing His will unto His people being now ceased.[6]
II. Under the name of Holy Scripture, or the Word of God written, are now contained all the books of the Old and New Testament, which are these: Of the Old Testament: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, I Samuel, II Samuel, I Kings, II Kings, I Chronicles, II Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther, Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, The Song of Songs, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi. Of the New Testament: The Gospels according to Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, The Acts of the Apostles, Paul's Epistles to the Romans, Corinthians I, Corinthians II, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians I , Thessalonians II , To Timothy I , To Timothy II, To Titus, To Philemon, The Epistle to the Hebrews, The Epistle of James, The first and second Epistles of Peter, The first, second, and third Epistles of John, The Epistle of Jude, The Revelation of John. All which are given by inspiration of God to be the rule of faith and life.[7]
III. The books commonly called Apocrypha, not being of divine inspiration, are no part of the canon of the Scripture, and therefore are of no authority in the Church of God, nor to be any otherwise approved, or made use of, than other human writings.[8]
IV. The authority of the Holy Scripture, for which it ought to be believed, and obeyed, depends not upon the testimony of any man, or Church; but wholly upon God (who is truth itself) the author thereof: and therefore it is to be received, because it is the Word of God.[9]
V. We may be moved and induced by the testimony of the Church to an high and reverent esteem of the Holy Scripture.[10] And the heavenliness of the matter, the efficacy of the doctrine, the majesty of the style, the consent of all the parts, the scope of the whole (which is, to give all glory to God), the full discovery it makes of the only way of man's salvation, the many other incomparable excellencies, and the entire perfection thereof, are arguments whereby it does abundantly evidence itself to be the Word of God: yet notwithstanding, our full persuasion and assurance of the infallible truth and divine authority thereof, is from the inward work of the Holy Spirit bearing witness by and with the Word in our hearts.[11]
VI. The whole counsel of God concerning all things necessary for His own glory, man's salvation, faith and life, is either expressly set down in Scripture, or by good and necessary consequence may be deduced from Scripture: unto which nothing at any time is to be added, whether by new revelations of the Spirit, or traditions of men.[12] Nevertheless, we acknowledge the inward illumination of the Spirit of God to be necessary for the saving understanding of such things as are revealed in the Word:[13] and that there are some circumstances concerning the worship of God, and government of the Church, common to human actions and societies, which are to be ordered by the light of nature, and Christian prudence, according to the general rules of the Word, which are always to be observed.[14]
VII. All things in Scripture are not alike plain in themselves, nor alike clear unto all:[15] yet those things which are necessary to be known, believed, and observed for salvation are so clearly propounded, and opened in some place of Scripture or other, that not only the learned, but the unlearned, in a due use of the ordinary means, may attain unto a sufficient understanding of them.[16]
VIII. The Old Testament in Hebrew (which was the native language of the people of God of old), and the New Testament in Greek (which, at the time of the writing of it, was most generally known to the nations), being immediately inspired by God, and, by His singular care and providence, kept pure in all ages, are therefore authentical;[17] so as, in all controversies of religion, the Church is finally to appeal unto them.[18] But, because these original tongues are not known to all the people of God, who have right unto, and interest in the Scriptures, and are commanded, in the fear of God, to read and search them,[19] therefore they are to be translated in to the vulgar language of every nation unto which they come,[20] that, the Word of God dwelling plentifully in all, they may worship Him in an acceptable manner;[21] and, through patience and comfort of the Scriptures, may have hope.[22]
IX. The infallible rule of interpretation of Scripture is the Scripture itself: and therefore, when there is a question about the true and full sense of any Scripture (which is not manifold, but one), it must be searched and known by other places that speak more clearly.[23]
X. The supreme judge by which all controversies of religion are to be determined, and all decrees of councils, opinions of ancient writers, doctrines of men, and private spirits, are to be examined, and in whose sentence we are to rest, can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture.[24]
第一章 论圣经 证明经文
第一节
1. 罗二14-15,一19-20,一32,二1,诗十九1-3。
罗 2:14-15 没有律法的外邦人若顺着本性行律法上的事,他们虽然没有律法,自己就是自己的律法。 罗 2:15 这是显出律法的功用刻在他们心里,他们是非之心同作见证,并且他们的思念互相较量,或以为是,或以为非。)
罗 1:19-20 神的事情,人所能知道的,原显明在人心里;因为 神已经给他们显明。 罗 1:20 自从造天地以来, 神的永能和神性是明明可知的,虽是眼不能见,但借着所造之物,就可以晓得,叫人无可推诿。
诗 19:1-4 (大卫的诗,交与伶长。)诸天述说 神的荣耀,穹苍传扬他的手段。 诗 19:2 这日到那日发出言语,这夜到那夜传出知识。 诗 19:3 无言无语,也无声音可听。 诗 19:4 他的量带通遍天下,他的言语传到地极。 神在其间为太阳安设帐幕。
2. 林前一21,二13-14。
林前 1:21 世人凭自己的智慧,既不认识 神, 神就乐意用人所当作愚拙的道理拯救那些信的人;这就是 神的智慧了。
林前 2:13-14 并且我们讲说这些事,不是用人智慧所指教的言语,乃是用圣灵所指教的言语,将属灵的话解释属灵的事(或作“将属灵的事讲与属灵的人”)。 林前 2:14 然而,属血气的人不领会 神圣灵的事,反倒以为愚拙,并且不能知道;因为这些事惟有属灵的人才能看透。
3. 来一1。
来 1:1 神既在古时藉着众先知多次多方地晓谕列祖, 来 1:2 就在这末世,藉着他儿子晓谕我们;又早已立他为承受万有的,也曾藉着他创造诸世界。 4. 箴廿二19-21;路一3-4;罗十五4;太四4、7、10;赛八19-20。
箴 22:19-21 我今日以此特特指教你,为要使你倚靠耶和华。 箴 22:20 谋略和知识的美事,我岂没有写给你吗? 箴 22:21 要使你知道真言的实理,你好将真言回复那打发你来的人。
路 1:3-4 这些事我既从起头都详细考察了,就定意要按着次序写给你, 路 1:4 使你知道所学之道都是确实的。
罗 15:4 从前所写的圣经都是为教训我们写的,叫我们因圣经所生的忍耐和安慰可以得着盼望。
太 4:4,7,10 耶稣却回答说:“经上记着说:‘人活着,不是单靠食物,乃是靠 神口里所出的一切话。’” 太 4:7 耶稣对他说:“经上又记着说:‘不可试探主你的 神。’” 太 4:10 耶稣说:“撒但退去吧(“撒但”就是“抵挡”的意思,乃魔鬼的别名。);因为经上记着说:‘当拜主你的 神,单要事奉他。’”
赛 8:19-20 有人对你们说:“当求问那些交鬼的和行巫术的,就是声音绵蛮,言语微细的。”你们便回答说:“百姓不当求问自己的 神吗?岂可为活人求问死人呢?” 赛 8:20 人当以训诲和法度为标准,他们所说的若不与此相符,必不得见晨光。
5. 来一1-2。
来 1:1-2 神既在古时藉着众先知多次多方地晓谕列祖, 来 1:2 就在这末世,藉着他儿子晓谕我们;又早已立他为承受万有的,也曾藉着他创造诸世界。
第二节
6. 提后三15;彼后一19。
提后 3:15 并且知道你是从小明白圣经;这圣经能使你因信基督耶稣,有得救的智慧。
彼后 1:19 我们并有先知更确的预言,如同灯照在暗处;你们在这预言上留意,直等到天发亮,晨星在你们心里出现的时候,才是好的。
第三节
7. 路十六29、31;弗二20;启廿二18-19;提后三16。
路 16:29,31 亚伯拉罕说:‘他们有摩西和先知的话可以听从。’ 路 16:31 亚伯拉罕说:‘若不听从摩西和先知的话,就是有一个从死里复活的,他们也是不听劝。’”
弗 2:20 并且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶稣自己为房角石;
启 22:18-19 我向一切听见这书上预言的作见证,若有人在这预言上加添什么, 神必将写在这书上的灾祸加在他身上; 启 22:19 这书上的预言,若有人删去什么, 神必从这书上所写的生命树和圣城,删去他的分。
提后 3:16 圣经都是 神所默示的(或作“凡 神所默示的圣经”),于教训、督责、使人归正、教导人学义都是有益的,
第四节
8. 路廿四27、44;罗三2;彼后一21。
路 24:27 于是从摩西和众先知起,凡经上所指着自己的话,都给他们讲解明白了。
路 24:44 耶稣对他们说:“这就是我从前与你们同在之时,所告诉你们的话说:摩西的律法,先知的书和诗篇上所记的,凡指着我的话,都必须应验。”
罗 3:2 凡事大有好处:第一是 神的圣言交托他们。 (CUVS) Rom 3:2 Much every way, chiefly, because that unto them were committed the oracles of God. (KJV)
彼后 1:21 因为预言从来没有出于人意的,乃是人被圣灵感动,说出 神的话来。
第五节
9. 彼后一 19、21;提后三16;约壹五9;帖前二13。
彼后 1:19,21 我们并有先知更确的预言,如同灯照在暗处;你们在这预言上留意,直等到天发亮,晨星在你们心里出现的时候,才是好的。 彼后 1:21 因为预言从来没有出于人意的,乃是人被圣灵感动,说出 神的话来。
提后 3:16 圣经都是 神所默示的(或作“凡 神所默示的圣经”),于教训、督责、使人归正、教导人学义都是有益的,
约一 5:9我们既领受人的见证, 神的见证更该领受了(“该领受”原文作“大”),因 神的见证是为他儿子作的。
帖前 2:13 为此,我们也不住地感谢 神,因你们听见我们所传 神的道,就领受了;不以为是人的道,乃以为是 神的道。这道实在是 神的,并且运行在你们信主的人心中。
第六节
10. 提前三15。
提前 3:15 倘若我耽延日久,你也可以知道在 神的家中当怎样行;这家就是永生 神的教会,真理的柱石和根基。
11. 约壹二20、27;约十六13-14;林前二10-12;赛五十九21。
约一 2:20,27 你们从那圣者受了恩膏,并且知道这一切的事(或作“都有知识”)。 约一 2:27 你们从主所受的恩膏常存在你们心里,并不用人教训你们,自有主的恩膏在凡事上教训你们。这恩膏是真的,不是假的;你们要按这恩膏的教训住在主里面。
约 16:13-14 只等真理的圣灵来了,他要引导你们明白(原文作“进入”)一切的真理;因为他不是凭自己说的,乃是把他所听见的都说出来,并要把将来的事告诉你们。 约 16:14 他要荣耀我;因为他要将受于我的,告诉你们。
林前 2:10,12 只有 神藉着圣灵向我们显明了,因为圣灵参透万事,就是 神深奥的事也参透了。 林前 2:12 我们所领受的,并不是世上的灵,乃是从 神来的灵,叫我们能知道 神开恩赐给我们的事。
赛 59:21 耶和华说:“至于我与他们所立的约,乃是这样:我加给你的灵,传给你的话,必不离你的口,也不离你后裔与你后裔之后裔的口,从今直到永远。这是耶和华说的。”
第七节
12. 提后三15-17;加一8-9;帖后二2。
提后 3:15-17 并且知道你是从小明白圣经;这圣经能使你因信基督耶稣,有得救的智慧。 圣经都是 神所默示的(或作“凡 神所默示的圣经”),于教训、督责、使人归正、教导人学义都是有益的, 叫属 神的人得以完全,预备行各样的善事。
加 1:8-9 但无论是我们,是天上来的使者,若传福音给你们,与我们所传给你们的不同,他就应当被咒诅。 加 1:9 我们已经说了,现在又说,若有人传福音给你们,与你们所领受的不同,他就应当被咒诅。
帖后 2:2 我劝你们:无论有灵、有言语、有冒我名的书信,说主的日子现在到了(“现在”或作“就”),不要轻易动心,也不要惊慌。
13. 约六45;林前二9-12。
约 6:45 在先知书上写着说:‘他们都要蒙 神的教训。’凡听见父之教训又学习的,就到我这里来。
林前 2:9-10 如经上所记:“ 神为爱他的人所预备的,是眼睛未曾看见,耳朵未曾听见,人心也未曾想到的。” 林前 2:10 只有 神藉着圣灵向我们显明了,因为圣灵参透万事,就是 神深奥的事也参透了。
林前 2:11-12 除了在人里头的灵,谁知道人的事?象这样,除了 神的灵,也没有人知道 神的事。 林前 2:12 我们所领受的,并不是世上的灵,乃是从 神来的灵,叫我们能知道 神开恩赐给我们的事。
14. 林前十一13-14,十四26、40。
林前 11:13-14 你们自己审察,女人祷告 神不蒙着头,是合宜的吗? 林前 11:14 你们的本性不也指示你们,男人若有长头发,便是他的羞辱吗?
林前 14:26,40 弟兄们,这却怎么样呢?你们聚会的时候,各人或有诗歌,或有教训,或有启示,或有方言,或有翻出来的话,凡事都当造就人, 林前 14:40 凡事都要规规矩矩地按着次序行。
第八节
15. 彼后三16。
16. 诗一一九105、130。
彼后 3:16 他一切的信上也都是讲论这事;信中有些难明白的,那无学问、不坚固的人强解,如强解别的经书一样,就自取沉沦。
诗 119:105 你的话是我脚前的灯,是我路上的光。 (CUVS) Ps 119:105 Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path. (KJV)
诗 119:130 你的言语一解开,就发出亮光,使愚人通达。 (CUVS) Ps 119:130 The entrance of thy words giveth light; it giveth understanding unto the simple. (KJV)
17. 太五18。
18. 赛八20;徒十五15;约五39、46。
19. 约五39。
20. 林前十四6、9、11-12、24、27-28。
21. 西三16。
22. 罗十五4。
太 5:18 我实在告诉你们,就是到天地都废去了,律法的一点一画也不能废去,都要成全。
赛 8:20 人当以训诲和法度为标准,他们所说的若不与此相符,必不得见晨光。 (CUVS) Is 8:20 To the law and to the testimony, if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them. (KJV)
徒 15:15 众先知的话也与这意思相合。 (CUVS) Acts 15:15 And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written, (KJV)
约 5:39,46 你们查考圣经(或作“应当查考圣经”),因你们以为内中有永生;给我作见证的就是这经; 约 5:46 你们如果信摩西,也必信我;因为他书上有指着我写的话。
林前 14:6,9 弟兄们,我到你们那里去,若只说方言,不用启示、或知识、或预言、或教训,给你们讲解,我与你们有什么益处呢? 林前 14:9 你们也是如此,舌头若不说容易明白的话,怎能知道所说的是什么呢?这就是向空说话了。
林前 14:11-12 我若不明白那声音的意思,这说话的人必以我为化外之人,我也以他为化外之人。 林前 14:12 你们也是如此;既是切慕属灵的恩赐,就当求多得造就教会的恩赐。
林前 14:24,24-28 若都作先知讲道,偶然有不信的,或是不通方言的人进来,就被众人劝醒,被众人审明, 林前 14:27 若有说方言的,只好两个人,至多三个人,且要轮流着说,也要一个人翻出来。 林前 14:28 若没有人翻,就当在会中闭口,只对自己和 神说就是了。
西 3:16 当用各样的智慧,把基督的道理丰丰富富地存在心里(或作“当把基督的道理丰丰富富地存在心里,以各样的智慧”),用诗章、颂词、灵歌,彼此教导,互相劝戒,心被恩感,歌颂 神。
罗 15:4 从前所写的圣经都是为教训我们写的,叫我们因圣经所生的忍耐和安慰可以得着盼望。
第九节
23. 彼后一20-21;徒十五15-16。
彼后 1:20-21 第一要紧的,该知道经上所有的预言没有可随私意解说的; 彼后 1:21 因为预言从来没有出于人意的,乃是人被圣灵感动,说出 神的话来。
徒15:15-16徒 15:15 众先知的话也与这意思相合。 徒 15:16 正如经上所写的:‘此后,我要回来,重新修造大卫倒塌的帐幕,把那破坏的,重新修造建立起来;
第十节
24. 太廿二29、31;弗二20;徒廿八25
太 22:29,31 耶稣回答说:“你们错了;因为不明白圣经,也不晓得 神的大能。 太 22:31 论到死人复活, 神在经上向你们所说的,你们没有念过吗?
弗 2:20 并且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶稣自己为房角石;
徒 28:25 他们彼此不合,就散了,未散以先,保罗说了一句话,说:“圣灵借先知以赛亚向你们祖宗所说的话是不错的。
英文
[1] ROM 2:14 For when the Gentiles, which have not the law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these, having not the law, are a law unto themselves: 15 Which shew the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing witness, and their thoughts the mean while accusing or else excusing one another; 1:19 Because that which may be known of God is manifest in them; for God hath shewed it unto them. 20 For the invisible things of him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even his eternal power and Godhead; so that they are without excuse. PSA 19:1 The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handiwork. 2 Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge. 3 There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard. ROM 1:32 Who knowing the judgment of God, that they which commit such things are worthy of death, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them. 2:1 Therefore thou art inexcusable, O man, whosoever thou art that judgest: for wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself; for thou that judgest doest the same things.
[2] 1CO 1:21 For after that in the wisdom of God the world by wisdom knew not God, it pleased God by the foolishness of preaching to save them that believe. 2:13 Which things also we speak, not in the words which man's wisdom teacheth, but which the Holy Ghost teacheth; comparing spiritual things with spiritual. 14 But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.
[3] HEB 1:1 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets.
[4] PRO 22:19 That thy trust may be in the Lord, I have made known to thee this day, even to thee. 20 Have not I written to thee excellent things in counsels and knowledge, 21 That I might make thee know the certainty of the words of truth; that thou mightest answer the words of truth to them that send unto thee? LUK 1:3 It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus, 4 That thou mightest know the certainty of those things, wherein thou hast been instructed. ROM 15:4 For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope. MAT 4:4 But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God. 7 Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. 10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve. ISA 8:19 And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead? 20 To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.
[5] 2TI 3:15 And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. 2PE 1:19 We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts.
[6] HEB 1:1 God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, 2 Hath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds.
[7] LUK 16:29 Abraham saith unto him, They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them. 31 And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead. EPH 2:20 And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone. REV 22:18 For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book: 19 And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book. 2TI 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness.
[8] LUK 24:27 And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself. 44 And he said unto them, These are the words which I spake unto you, while I was yet with you, that all things must be fulfilled, which were written in the law of Moses, and in the prophets, and in the psalms, concerning me. ROM 3:2 Much every way: chiefly, because that unto them were committed the oracles of God. 2PE 1:21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.
[9] 2PE 1:19 We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts. 21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost. 2TI 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness. 1JO 5:9 If we receive the witness of men, the witness of God is greater: for this is the witness of God which he hath testified of his Son. 1 TH 2:13 For this cause also thank we God without ceasing, because, when ye received the word of God which ye heard of us, ye received it not as the word of men, but as it is in truth, the word of God, which effectually worketh also in you that believe.
[10] 1TI 3:15 But if I tarry long, that thou mayest know how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth.
[11] 1JO 2:20 But ye have an unction from the Holy One, and ye know all things. 27 But the anointing which ye have received of him abideth in you, and ye need not that any man teach you: but as the same anointing teacheth you of all things, and is truth, and is no lie, and even as it hath taught you, ye shall abide in him. JOH 16:13 Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth: for he shall not speak of himself; but whatsoever he shall hear, that shall he speak: and he will shew you things to come. 14 He shall glorify me: for he shall receive of mine, and shall shew it unto you. 1CO 2:10 But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God. 11 For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God. 12 Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God; that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God. ISA 59:21 As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the Lord; My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith the Lord, from henceforth and for ever.
[12] 2TI 3:15 And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. 16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: 17 That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. GAL 1:8 But though we, or an angel from heaven, preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be accursed. 9 As we said before, so say I now again, if any man preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be accursed. 2TH 2:2 That ye be not soon shaken in mind, or be troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word, nor by letter as from us, as that the day of Christ is at hand.
[13] JOH 6:45 It is written in the prophets, And they shall be all taught of God. Every man therefore that hath heard, and hath learned of the Father, cometh unto me. 1CO 2:9 But as it is written, Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love him. 10 But God hath revealed them unto us by his Spirit: for the Spirit searcheth all things, yea, the deep things of God. 11 For what man knoweth the things of a man, save the spirit of man which is in him? even so the things of God knoweth no man, but the Spirit of God. 12 Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the spirit which is of God; that we might know the things that are freely given to us of God.
[14] 1CO 11:13 Judge in yourselves: is it comely that a woman pray unto God uncovered? 14 Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him? 14:26 How is it then, brethren? when ye come together, every one of you hath a psalm, hath a doctrine, hath a tongue, hath a revelation, hath an interpretation. Let all things be done unto edifying. 40 Let all things be done decently and in order.
[15] 2PE 3:16 As also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things: in which are some things hard to be understood, which they that are unlearned and unstable wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction.
[16] PSA 119:105 Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path. 130 The entrance of thy words giveth light; it giveth understanding unto the simple.
[17] MAT 5:18 For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled.
[18] ISA 8:20 To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them. ACT 15:15 And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written. JOH 5:39 Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me. 46 For had ye believed Moses, ye would have believed me: for he wrote of me.
[19] JOH 5:39 Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me.
[20] 1CO 14:6 Now, brethren, if I come undo you speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you, except I shall speak to you either by revelation, or by knowledge, of by prophesying, or by doctrine? 9 So likewise ye, except ye utter by the tongue words easy to be understood, how shall it be known what is spoken? for ye shall speak into the air. 11 Therefore if I know not the meaning of the voice, I shall be unto him that speaketh a barbarian, and he that speaketh shall be a barbarian unto me. 12 Even so ye, forasmuch as ye are zealous of spiritual gifts, seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the church. 24 But if all prophesy, and there come in one that believeth not, or one unlearned, he is convinced of all, he is judged of all: 27 If any man speak in an unknown tongue, let it be by two, or at the most three, and that by course; and let one interpret. 28 But if there be no interpreter, let him keep silence in the church; and let him speak to himself, and to God.
[21] COL 3:16 Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom; teaching and admonishing one another in psalms, and hymns, and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord.
[22] ROM 15:4 For whatsoever things were written aforetime, were written for our learning; that we, through patience and comfort of the scriptures, might have hope.
[23] 2PE 1:20 Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. 21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man; but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost. ACT 15:15 And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written, 16 After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; and I will build again the ruins thereof, and I will set it up.
[24] MATT. 22:29,31. Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God. But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying. EPH. 2:20. And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner-stone. With ACTS 28:25. And when they agreed not among themselves, they departed, after that Paul had spoken one word, Well spake the Holy Ghost by Isaiah the prophet unto our fathers.
目录
威斯敏斯特信条证明经文 (1-8章 9-16章 ) 威斯敏斯特信条王志勇牧师译 威斯敏斯特信条吕沛渊牧师译