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威斯敏斯特信條第17章
第十七章 論聖徒的堅忍
中文趙中輝版
一、凡神在他愛子裏收納，並用他的靈有效地召選而成為聖潔的人，雖不能完全，也不能至終從恩典的地位中墮落；反要保守這地位，一直到底，永遠得救1。
二、聖徒的這種堅守到底，並非由於他們自己的自由意志，乃在乎從父神白白而不變之愛所流出之揀選預旨的不變性2；也在乎耶穌的功德和代求的效力3；由於聖靈的同在和神的種子在他們裏面4，並由於恩典之約的本質5。從此也生出耐久的確實性與無謬性6。
三、然而聖徒由於撒但和世界的試探，在他們心中仍存的敗壞優勢，並忽視他們堅守的方法，可能陷入大罪之中7，並一時在其中繼續8。因此觸犯神的怒氣9，令聖靈擔憂10，剝奪了所受的恩慈和安慰11，使心變為頑固12，良心受傷13，損害並毀謗他人14，自取今生的審判15。
1. 腓一6；彼後一10；約十28-29；約壹三9；彼前一5、9。
2. 提後二18-19；耶卅一3。
3. 來十10、14，十三20-21，九12-15，七25；羅八33-39；約十七11、24；路廿二32。
4. 約十四16-17；約壹二27，三9。
5. 耶卅二40；希八10-12。
6. 約十28；帖後三3；約壹二19；帖前五23-24。
7. 太廿六70、72、74。
8. 詩五十一標題，五十一14；撒下十二9、13。
9. 賽六十四5、7、9；撒下十一27。
10. 弗四30。
11. 詩五十一8、10、12；啟二4；歌五2-4、6。
12. 賽六十三17；可六52，十六14；詩九十五8。
13. 詩卅二3-4，五十一8。
14. 撒下十二14。
15. 詩八十九31-32；林前十一32。
中文王志勇版
一．凡蒙上帝在祂愛子裏 接納並由祂的靈有效呼召並成聖的人，既不能完全，也不能最終從恩 典的地位墮落；反而會在這恩典的地位中堅忍到底，永遠得救（腓1:6；彼後1:10；約10:28-29；約壹3:9；彼前1:5，9）。
二．聖徒的這種堅忍，並非依賴他們自己的自由意志，乃是依賴從父上帝白 白和永不更改的愛所發出的揀選預旨的不變性（提後2:18，19；耶 31:3），依賴耶穌基督功德和代求的效力（來10:10，14；13:20-21；9:12－15； 羅8；33－39；約17:11，24；路22:32；來7:25），聖靈的同在和上帝在他們裏面播撒的種子（約14:16-17；約壹2:27；3:9），以及恩典之約的性質（耶32:40）。聖徒堅忍的確 定性和無謬性就是由此而生（約10:28；帖後3:3；約壹2:19）。
三． 然而聖徒因撒但和世界的試探，在他們裏面敗壞的殘餘，以及對保守他們堅忍的蒙恩之道的忽略，都可能使他們落入大罪之中（太26:70，72，74），並一時留在其中（詩51標題；51:14），因而惹動上帝的不悅（賽64:5，7，9；撒下11:27），叫聖靈擔憂（弗4:30），失去諸多的美德和慰藉（詩51:8，10，12；啟2:4；歌5:2－4，6），心裏變得剛硬（賽63:17；可6:52；16:14），使良心受傷（詩32:3－4；51:8），使別人受損，誹謗褻瀆（撒下12:14），自取今生的審判（詩89:31-32；林前11:32）。
第十七章 論聖徒的堅忍 中文呂沛淵版
17.1 凡上帝在祂愛子裏收納、有效呼召、且藉祂的靈成聖的人， 不 可能完全從恩典中墮落， 也不可能以墮落為最終的結局； 必會 在恩典中恆久忍耐到底， 永遠得救。
17.2 聖徒這樣恆忍， 並非根據他們自己的自由意志， 乃是根據: (1)揀選的旨意不會改變， 這旨意是出於父上帝白白的、不變的 愛；(2)耶穌的救贖之功和代求的效力；(3)聖靈與上帝的道種住在 他們裏面；(4)恩典之約的本質。這些乃是聖徒恆忍的根基，使他 們得以確定恆忍到底、永不失落。
17.3 17.3然而聖徒仍可能因為: 撒但和世界的試探、存留在他們裏面敗壞的得勢、對保守他們恆忍之媒介的忽略，以致陷入大罪之中，並且暫時沉溺於其中。因這緣故，惹上帝不悅，使聖靈擔憂；失去許多恩典和安慰，心變剛硬，良心受傷；傷害並使他人跌倒犯罪， 自取今生的審判刑罰。
英文OPC版
CHAPTER 17 OF THE PERSEVERANCE OF THE SAINTS
1. They, whom God hath accepted in his Beloved, effectually called, and sanctified by his Spirit, can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of grace, but shall certainly persevere therein to the end, and be eternally saved.
2. This perseverance of the saints depends not upon their own free will, but upon the immutability of the decree of election, flowing from the free and unchangeable love of God the Father; upon the efficacy of the merit and intercession of Jesus Christ, the abiding of the Spirit, and of the seed of God within them, and the nature of the covenant of grace: from all which ariseth also the certainty and infallibility thereof.
3. Nevertheless, they may, through the temptations of Satan and of the world, the prevalency of corruption remaining in them, and the neglect of the means of their preservation, fall into grievous sins; and, for a time, continue therein: whereby they incur God's displeasure, and grieve his Holy Spirit, come to be deprived of some measure of their graces and comforts, have their hearts hardened, and their consciences wounded; hurt and scandalize others, and bring temporal judgments upon themselves.
英文CRTA版
Chapter XVII
Of the Perseverance of the Saints
I. They, whom God has accepted in His Beloved, effectually called, and sanctified by His Spirit, can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of grace, but shall certainly persevere therein to the end, and be eternally saved.[1]
II. This perseverance of the saints depends not upon their own free will, but upon the immutability of the decree of election, flowing from the free and unchangeable love of God the Father;[2] upon the efficacy of the merit and intercession of Jesus Christ,[3] the abiding of the Spirit, and of the seed of God within them,[4] and the nature of the covenant of grace:[5] from all which arises also the certainty and infallibility thereof.[6]
III. Nevertheless, they may, through the temptations of Satan and of the world, the prevalency of corruption remaining in them, and the neglect of the means of their preservation, fall into grievous sins;[7] and, for a time, continue therein:[8] whereby they incur God's displeasure,[9] and grieve His Holy Spirit,[10] come to be deprived of some measure of their graces and comforts,[11] have their hearts hardened,[12] and their consciences wounded;[13] hurt and scandalize others,[14] and bring temporal judgments upon themselves.[15]
證明經文
1 腓一6我深信那在你們心裏動了善工的，必成全這工，直到耶穌基督的日子。彼後一10所以弟兄們，應當更加殷勤，使你們所蒙的恩召和揀選堅定不移。你們若行這幾樣，就永不失腳。約十28-29我又賜給他們永生，他們永不滅亡，誰也不能從我手裏把他們奪去。我父把羊賜給我，他比萬有都大，誰也不能從我父手裏把他們奪去。約壹三9凡從 神生的，就不犯罪，因 神的道（註：原文作「種」）存在他心裏；他也不能犯罪，因為他是由 神生的。彼前一5你們這因信蒙 神能力保守的人，必能得着所預備、到末世要顯現的救恩。9並且得着你們信心的果效，就是靈魂的救恩。
2 提後二18-19他們偏離了真道，說復活的事已過，就敗壞好些人的信心。然而， 神堅固的根基立住了。上面有這印記說：「主認識誰是他的人。」又說：「凡稱呼主名的人總要離開不義。」耶卅一3古時（註：或作「從遠方」）耶和華向以色列（註：原文作「我」）顯現說：「我以永遠的愛愛你，因此我以慈愛吸引你。
3 來十10我們憑這旨意，靠耶穌基督只一次獻上他的身體，就得以成聖。14因為他一次獻祭，便叫那得以成聖的人永遠完全。 十三20-21但願賜平安的 神，就是那憑永約之血使群羊的大牧人──我主耶穌從死里復活的 神，在各樣善事上成全你們，叫你們遵行他的旨意；又藉着耶穌基督在你們心裏行他所喜悅的事。願榮耀歸給他，直到永永遠遠。阿們！九12-15 並且不用山羊和牛犢的血，乃用自己的血，只一次進入聖所，成了永遠贖罪的事。若山羊和公牛的血，並母牛犢的灰灑在不潔的人身上，尚且叫人成聖，身體潔淨。何況基督借着永遠的靈，將自己無瑕無疵獻給神，他的血豈不更能洗淨你們的心。（原文作良心）除去你們的死行，使你們事奉那永生神嗎？為此他作了新約的中保。既然受死贖了人在前約之時所犯的罪過，便叫蒙召之人得着所應許永遠的產業。七25凡靠着他進到 神面前的人，他都能拯救到底，因為他是長遠活着，替他們祈求。羅八33-39誰能控告神所揀選的人呢？有神稱他們為義了。（或作是稱他們為義的神嗎？）誰能定他們的罪呢？有基督耶穌已經死了，而且從死里復活，現今在神的右邊，也替我們祈求。（有基督云云或作是已經死了而且從死里復活現今在神的右邊也替我們祈求的基督耶穌嗎）。誰能使我們與基督的愛隔絕呢？難道是患難嗎？是困苦嗎？是逼迫嗎？是飢餓嗎？是赤身露體嗎？是危險嗎？是刀劍嗎？如經上所記，我們為你的緣故，終日被殺。人看我們如將宰的羊，然而靠着愛我們的主，在這一切的事上，已經得勝有餘了。因為我深信無論是死，是生，是天使，是掌權的，是有能的，是現在的事，是將來的事，是高處的，是低處的，是別的受造之物，都不能叫我們與神的愛隔絕。這愛是在我們的主基督耶穌里的。約十七11從今以後，我不在世上，他們卻在世上；我往你那裏去。聖父啊，求你因你所賜給我的名保守他們，叫他們合而為一，像我們一樣。24父啊，我在哪裏，願你所賜給我的人也同我在那裏，叫他們看見你所賜給我的榮耀。因為創立世界以前，你已經愛我了。路廿二32但我已經為你祈求，叫你不至於失了信心。你回頭以後，要堅固你的弟兄。」
4 約十四16-17 我要求父，父就另外賜給你們一位保惠師（或作訓慰師下同），叫他永遠與你們同在。就是真理的聖靈，乃世人不能接受的。因為不見他，也不認識他。你們卻認識他。因他常與你們同在，也要在你們裏面。約壹二27你們從主所受的恩膏常存在你們心裏，並不用人教訓你們，自有主的恩膏在凡事上教訓你們。這恩膏是真的，不是假的，你們要按這恩膏的教訓住在主裏面。三9凡從 神生的，就不犯罪，因 神的道（註：原文作「種」）存在他心裏；他也不能犯罪，因為他是由 神生的。
5 耶卅二40又要與他們立永遠的約，必隨着他們施恩，並不離開他們，且使他們有敬畏我的心，不離開我。 來八10-12主又說，那些日子以後，我與以色列家所立的約乃是這樣。我要將我的律法放在他們裏面，寫在他們心上，我要作他們的神，他們要作我的子民。他們不用各人教導自己的鄉鄰，和自己的弟兄，說，你該認識主。因為他們從最小的到至大的，都必認識我。我要寬恕他們的不義，不再記念他們的罪愆。
6 約十28我又賜給他們永生，他們永不滅亡，誰也不能從我手裏把他們奪去。 帖後三3但主是信實的，要堅固你們，保護你們脫離那惡者（註：或作「脫離兇惡」）。約壹二19他們從我們中間出去，卻不是屬我們的；若是屬我們的，就必仍舊與我們同在；他們出去顯明都不是屬我們的。帖前五23-24願賜平安的 神親自使你們全然成聖。又願你們的靈與魂與身子得蒙保守，在我主耶穌基督降臨的時候，完全無可指摘。那召你們的本是信實的，他必成就這事。
7 太廿六70彼得在眾人面前卻不承認，說：「我不知道你說的是什麼。」72彼得又不承認，並且起誓說：「我不認得那個人！」 74彼得就發咒起誓地說：「我不認得那個人！」立時，雞就叫了。
8 詩五十一（略），五十一14神啊，你是拯救我的 神，求你救我脫離流人血的罪，我的舌頭就高聲歌唱你的公義。 撒下十二9你為什麼藐視耶和華的命令，行他眼中看為惡的事呢？你借亞捫人的刀殺害赫人烏利亞，又娶了他的妻為妻。13大衛對拿單說：「我得罪耶和華了！」拿單說：「耶和華已經除掉你的罪，你必不至於死。
9 賽六十四5你迎接那歡喜行義、記念你道的人；你曾發怒，我們仍犯罪。這景況已久，我們還能得救嗎？7並且無人求告你的名，無人奮力抓住你；原來你掩面不顧我們，使我們因罪孽消化。9耶和華啊，求你不要大發震怒，也不要永遠記念罪孽。求你垂顧我們，我們都是你的百姓。撒下十一27哀哭的日子過了，大衛差人將她接到宮裏，她就作了大衛的妻，給大衛生了一個兒子。但大衛所行的這事，耶和華甚不喜悅。
10 弗四30不要叫 神的聖靈擔憂；你們原是受了他的印記，等候得贖的日子來到。
11 詩五十一8求你使我得聽歡喜快樂的聲音，使你所壓傷的骨頭可以踴躍。 10神啊，求你為我造清潔的心，使我裏面重新有正直（註：「正直」或作「堅定」）的靈。 12求你使我仍得救恩之樂，賜我樂意的靈扶持我；啟二4然而，有一件事我要責備你，就是你把起初的愛心離棄了。歌五2-4 我身睡臥，我心卻醒。這是我良人的聲音。他敲門，說，我的妹子，我的佳偶，我的鴿子，我的完全人，求你給我開門，因我的頭滿了露水，我的頭髮被夜露滴濕。我回答說，我脫了衣裳，怎能再穿上呢？我洗了腳，怎能再玷污呢？我的良人從門孔里伸進手來，我便因他動了心。6 我給我的良人開了門。我的良人卻已轉身走了。他說話的時候，我神不守舍。我尋找他，竟尋不見。我呼叫他，他卻不回答。
12 賽六十三17耶和華啊，你為何使我們走差離開你的道，使我們心裏剛硬不敬畏你呢？求你為你僕人、為你產業支派的緣故轉回來。可六52這是因為他們不明白那分餅的事，心裏還是愚頑。十六14後來，十一個門徒坐席的時候，耶穌向他們顯現，責備他們不信，心裏剛硬，因為他們不信那些在他復活以後看見他的人。詩九十五8你們不可硬着心，像當日在米利巴，就是在曠野的瑪撒。
13 詩卅二3-4 我閉口不認罪的時候，因終日唉哼，而骨頭枯乾。黑夜白日，你的手在我身上沉重。我的精液耗盡，如同夏天的乾旱。 五十一8 求你使我得聽歡喜快樂的聲音，使你所壓傷的骨頭，可以踴躍。
14 撒下十二14隻是你行這事，叫耶和華的仇敵大得褻瀆的機會，故此，你所得的孩子必定要死。」
15 詩八十九31-32背棄我的律例，不遵守我的誡命。我就要用杖責罰他們的過犯，用鞭責罰他們的罪孽。 林前十一32 我們受審的時候，乃是被主懲治。免得我們和世人一同定罪。
[1] PHI 1:6 Being confident of this very thing, that he which hath begun a good work in you will perform it until the day of Jesus Christ. 2PE 1:10 Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall. JOH 10:28 And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand. 29 My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand. 1JO 3:9 Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin; for his seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of God. 1PE 1:5 Who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation ready to be revealed in the last time. 9 Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your souls.
[2] 2TI 2:18 Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some. 19 Nevertheless the foundation of God standeth sure, having this seal, The Lord knoweth them that are his. And, Let every one that nameth the name of Christ depart from iniquity. JER 31:3 The Lord hath appeared of old unto me, saying, Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with lovingkindness have I drawn thee.
[3] HEB 10:10 By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. 14 For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified. 20 Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant, 21 Make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is wellpleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen. HEB 9:12 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us. 13 For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh: 14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? 15 And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance. ROM 8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. 34 Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. 35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? 36 As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter. 37 Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us. 38 For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, 39 Nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord. JOH 17:11 And now I am no more in the world, but these are in the world, and I come to thee. Holy Father, keep through thine own name those whom thou hast given me, that they may be one, as we are. 24 Father, I will that they also, whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am; that they may behold my glory, which thou hast given me: for thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world. LUK 22:32 But I have prayed for thee, that thy faith fail not: and when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren. HEB 7:25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.
[4] JOH 14:16 And I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever; 17 Even the Spirit of truth; whom the world cannot receive, because it seeth him not, neither knoweth him: but ye know him; for he dwelleth with you, and shall be in you. 1JO 2:27 But the anointing which ye have received of him abideth in you, and ye need not that any man teach you: but as the same anointing teacheth you of all things, and is truth, and is no lie, and even as it hath taught you, ye shall abide in him. 1JO 3:9 Whosoever is born of God doth not commit sin; for his seed remaineth in him: and he cannot sin, because he is born of God.
[5] JER 32:40 And I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I will not turn away from them, to do them good; but I will put my fear in their hearts, that they shall not depart from me.
[6] JOH 10:28 And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand. 2TH 3:3 But the Lord is faithful, who shall stablish you, and keep you from evil. 1JO 2:19 They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would no doubt have continued with us: but they went out, that they might be made manifest that they were not all of us.
[7] MAT 26:70 But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest. 72 And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man. 74 Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.
[8] PSA 51 (the title) To the chief muscian, A psalm of David, when Nathan the prophet came unto him, after he had gone in to Bathsheba. 51:14 Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God, thou God of my salvation: and my tongue shall sing aloud of thy righteousness.
[9] ISA 64:5 Thou meetest him that rejoiceth and worketh righteousness, those that remember thee in thy ways: behold, thou art wroth; for we have sinned: in those is continuance, and we shall be saved. 7 And there is none that calleth upon thy name, that stirreth up himself to take hold of thee: for thou hast hid thy face from us, and hast consumed us, because of our iniquities. 9 Be not wroth very sore, O Lord, neither remember iniquity for ever: behold, see, we beseech thee, we are all thy people. 2SA 11:27 And when the mourning was past, David sent and fetched her to his house, and she became his wife, and bare him a son. But the thing that David had done displeased the Lord.
[10] EPH 4:30 And grieve not the holy Spirit of God, whereby ye are sealed unto the day of redemption.
[11] PSA 51:8 Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which thou hast broken may rejoice. 10 Create in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me. 12 Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit. REV 2:4 Nevertheless I have somewhat against thee, because thou hast left thy first love. SON 5:2 I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night. 3 I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them? 4 My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him. 6 I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.
[12] ISA 63:17 O Lord, why hast thou made us to err from thy ways, and hardened our heart from thy fear? Return for thy servants' sake, the tribes of thine inheritance. MAR 6:52 For they considered not the miracle of the loaves: for their heart was hardened. 16:14 Afterward he appeared unto the eleven as they sat at meat, and upbraided them with their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they believed not them which had seen him after he was risen.
[13] PSA 32:3 When I kept silence, my bones waxed old through my roaring all the day long. 4 For day and night thy hand was heavy upon me: my moisture is turned into the drought of summer. Selah. 51:8 Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which thou hast broken may rejoice.
[14] 2SA 12:14 Howbeit, because by this deed thou hast given great occasion to the enemies of the Lord to blaspheme, the child also that is born unto thee shall surely die.
[15] PSA 89:31 If they break my statutes, and keep not my commandments; 32 Then will I visit their transgression with the rod, and their iniquity with stripes. 1CO 11:32 But when we are judged, we are chastened of the Lord, that we should not be condemned with the world.
目錄
威斯敏斯特信条证明经文 （1-8章 9-16章 ） 威斯敏斯特信条王志勇牧师译 威斯敏斯特信条吕沛渊牧师译