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威斯敏斯特信條第9章
第九章 論自由意志
中文趙中輝版
一、神把本性的自由賦予人的意志，這意志既不受強迫趨向善惡，也不受本性絕對的必然所決定的去行善或作惡1。
二、人在無罪的狀態中，有自由與能力行善，並行神所喜悅的事2，但那所有性是可變的，所以他可能從那狀態中墮落3。
三、人由於墮落在有罪的狀態中，已經完全喪失一切行任何關乎得救的屬靈善事之意志力4；所以他既是一屬血氣的人，與善完全相反5，又死在罪中6，就不能憑自己的能力去改變自己的心，或預備改變自己的心7。
四、當神使罪人改心並把他遷移至恩典狀態中時，神就把他從罪惡本性的捆綁中解放出來8，並惟獨借着他的恩典，使他有行屬靈善事的意志與能力9；但因為他尚有殘餘的敗壞，所以他既不完全，也不專一立志向善，他也立志向惡10。
五、惟獨在榮耀狀態中，人的意志才能有完全與不可改變的自由，以致向善11。
1. 太十七12；雅一14；申三十19。
2. 傳七29；創一26。
3. 創二16-17，三6。
4. 羅五6，八7；約十五5。
5. 羅三10、12。
6. 弗二1、5；西二13。
7. 約六44、65；弗二2-5；林前二14；多三3-5。
8. 西一13；約八34、36。
9. 腓二13；羅六18、22。
10. 加五17；羅七15、18-19、21、23。
11. 弗四13；西十二23；約壹三2；猶一24。
中文王志勇版
第九章 論 意志的自由
一．上帝造人，把自由賦予人的意志。這意志既不受強迫，不得不行善作惡，也不會因其本質而必然如此去行（太17:12；雅1:14； 申30:19）。
二．人處於無罪狀態時，有自由和能力立志行事，得蒙上帝的悅納（傳7:29；創1:26）；但人本是可變的，所以他也可以從那狀態中墮落（創2:16-17；3:6）。
三．因墮落在罪中，要行與得救相關的屬靈的善事，人在意志上已經完全喪 失了這樣的能力（羅5:6；8:7；約15:5）； 因此，他既是屬乎血氣的人，心中完全與善為敵（羅3:10，12），死在罪中（弗2:1，5；西2:13），所以，他無法靠他自己的力量歸正，也不能預備自己歸正（約6:44，65；林前 2:14；弗2:2－5；多3:3－5）。
四．當上帝使罪人歸正，把他遷移到恩典中時，就將他從與生俱來的罪的捆 綁中釋放出來（西1:13；約8:34，36）； 又惟獨借着上帝的恩典，使他能夠自由地立志並行屬靈的善事（腓:2:13；羅6:18，22）；然而，因他身上仍有殘餘的敗壞，所以，他既不完全，也不專一立志行善，還會定志行惡（加5:17；羅 7:15，18，19，21，23）。
五． 惟獨在得榮的狀態中，上帝使人的意志達於完全、不變的自由。那時，人的意志才能完全向善（弗4:13；來12:23；約壹3:2；猶24）。
中文呂沛淵版 第九章 論自由意志
9.1 上帝賦予人的意志有本性上的自由，選擇由自己，既不受外 力驅使向善或向惡，也沒有命中註定他絕對必然向善或向惡。
9.2 人在無罪的狀態中，有自由與能力立志行善，得上帝喜悅， 但人處於這狀態並非是不可變更的，所以可能從其中墮落。
9.3 人由於墮落在有罪的狀態中，已經完全喪失意志能力，來選 擇任何屬靈的良善，以致得救；所以他既是一個屬血氣的人，全 然敵對真實的良善，又死在罪中，就不能憑自己的能力去改變自 己，也無法預備自己來被改變。
9.4 當上帝使罪人歸正、並把他遷入恩典狀態裡時，祂釋放了 他，脫離了罪性的捆綁，並唯獨藉著上帝的恩典，使他能自由立 志且遵行屬靈上的善事﹔然而因為他還有殘餘的敗壞，所以立志 行善的心既不完全，也不專一；他也可能會立志行惡。
9.5 人的意志惟有在榮耀狀態中，才會成為「完全自由且永不改 變的唯獨向善」。
英文OPC版
CHAPTER 9 OF FREE WILL
1. God hath endued the will of man with that natural liberty, that it is neither forced, nor, by any absolute necessity of nature, determined to good, or evil.
2. Man, in his state of innocency, had freedom, and power to will and to do that which was good and well pleasing to God; but yet, mutably, so that he might fall from it.
3. Man, by his fall into a state of sin, hath wholly lost all ability of will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation: so as, a natural man, being altogether averse from that good, and dead in sin, is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.
4. When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, he freeth him from his natural bondage under sin; and, by his grace alone, enables him freely to will and to do that which is spiritually good; yet so, as that by reason of his remaining corruption, he doth not perfectly, nor only, will that which is good, but doth also will that which is evil.
5. The will of man is made perfectly and immutably free to good alone, in the state of glory only.
英文CRTA版
Chapter IX
Of Free Will
I. God has endued the will of man with that natural liberty, that is neither forced, nor, by any absolute necessity of nature, determined good, or evil.[1]
II. Man, in his state of innocency, had freedom, and power to will and to do that which was good and well pleasing to God;[2] but yet, mutably, so that he might fall from it.[3]
III. Man, by his fall into a state of sin, has wholly lost all ability of will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation:[4] so as, a natural man, being altogether averse from that good,[5] and dead in sin,[6] is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.[7]
IV. When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, He frees him from his natural bondage under sin;[8] and, by His grace alone, enables him freely to will and to do that which is spiritually good;[9] yet so, as that by reason of his remaining corruption, he does not perfectly, or only, will that which is good, but does also will that which is evil.[10]
V. The will of man is made perfectly and immutably free to do good alone in the state of glory only.[11]
第九章 論自由意志 證明經文
第一節
1
太 17:12 只是我告訴你們，以利亞已經來了，人卻不認識他，竟任意待他。人子也將要這樣受他們的害。」
雅 1:14 但各人被試探，乃是被自己的私慾牽引誘惑的。
申 30:19 我今日呼天喚地向你作見證，我將生死、禍福陳明在你面前，所以你要揀選生命，使你和你的後裔都得存活。
第二節
2
傳 7:29 我所找到的，只有一件，就是 神造人原是正直，但他們尋出許多巧計。
創 1:26 神說：「我們要照着我們的形象，按着我們的樣式造人，使他們管理海里的魚、空中的鳥、地上的牲畜和全地，並地上所爬的一切昆蟲。」
3
創2:16-17;創3:6 創 2:16 耶和華 神吩咐他說：「園中各樣樹上的果子，你可以隨意吃； 創 2:17 只是分別善惡樹上的果子，你不可吃，因為你吃的日子必定死！」 創 3:6 於是女人見那棵樹的果子好作食物，也悅人的眼目，且是可喜愛的，能使人有智慧，就摘下果子來吃了；又給她丈夫，她丈夫也吃了。
第三節
4
羅5:6;羅8:7 羅 5:6 因我們還軟弱的時候，基督就按所定的日期為罪人死。 羅 8:7 原來體貼肉體的，就是與 神為仇；因為不服 神的律法，也是不能服。
約 15:5 我是葡萄樹，你們是枝子。常在我裡面的，我也常在他裡面，這人就多結果子；因為離了我，你們就不能作什麼。
5
羅3:10,12 羅 3:10 就如經上所記：「沒有義人，連一個也沒有； 羅 3:12 都是偏離正路，一同變為無用；沒有行善的，連一個也沒有。
6
弗2:1,5弗 2:1 你們死在過犯罪惡之中，他叫你們活過來。 弗 2:5 當我們死在過犯中的時候，便叫我們與基督一同活過來(你們得救是本乎恩)。
西 2:13 你們從前在過犯和未受割禮的肉體中死了， 神赦免了你們(或作「我們」)一切過犯，便叫你們與基督一同活過來；
7
約6:44,65 約 6:44 若不是差我來的父吸引人，就沒有能到我這裡來的；到我這裡來的，在末日我要叫他復活。約 6:65 耶穌又說：「所以我對你們說過，若不是蒙我父的恩賜，沒有人能到我這裡來。」
林前 2:14 然而，屬血氣的人不領會 神聖靈的事，反倒以為愚拙，並且不能知道；因為這些事惟有屬靈的人才能看透。
弗2:2-5 弗 2:2 那時，你們在其中行事為人，隨從今世的風俗，順服空中掌權者的首領，就是現今在悖逆之子心中運行的邪靈。 弗 2:3 我們從前也都在他們中間，放縱肉體的私慾，隨着肉體和心中所喜好的去行，本為可怒之子，和別人一樣。 弗 2:4 然而 神既有豐富的憐憫，因他愛我們的大愛， 弗 2:5 當我們死在過犯中的時候，便叫我們與基督一同活過來(你們得救是本乎恩)。
多3:3-5多 3:3 我們從前也是無知、悖逆、受迷惑，服事各樣私慾和宴樂，常存惡毒(或作「陰毒」)嫉妒的心，是可恨的，又是彼此相恨。 多 3:4 但到了 神我們救主的恩慈和他向人所施的慈愛顯明的時候， 多 3:5 他便救了我們，並不是因我們自己所行的義，乃是照他的憐憫，藉着重生的洗和聖靈的更新。
第四節
8
西 1:13 他救了我們脫離黑暗的權勢，把我們遷到他愛子的國里；
約8:34,36 約 8:34 耶穌回答說：「我實實在在地告訴你們，所有犯罪的就是罪的奴僕。約 8:36 所以天父的兒子若叫你們自由，你們就真自由了。
9
腓 2:13 因為你們立志行事，都是 神在你們心裡運行，為要成就他的美意。
羅6:18,22 羅 6:18 你們既從罪里得了釋放，就作了義的奴僕。羅 6:22 但現今你們既從罪里得了釋放，作了 神的奴僕，就有成聖的果子，那結局就是永生。
10
加 5:17 因為情慾和聖靈相爭，聖靈和情慾相爭，這兩個是彼此相敵，使你們不能作所願意作的。
羅7:15,18,19,21,23 羅 7:15 因為我所作的，我自己不明白；我所願意的，我並不作；我所恨惡的，我倒去作。羅 7:18 我也知道在我裡頭，就是我肉體之中，沒有良善；因為立志為善由得我，只是行出來由不得我。 羅 7:19 故此，我所願意的善，我反不作；我所不願意的惡，我倒去作。羅 7:21 我覺得有個律，就是我願意為善的時候，便有惡與我同在。 羅 7:23 但我覺得肢體中另有個律和我心中的律交戰，把我擄去，叫我附從那肢體中犯罪的律。
第五節
弗 4:13 直等到我們眾人在真道上同歸於一，認識 神的兒子，得以長大成人，滿有基督長成的身量；
來 12:23 有名錄在天上諸長子之會所共聚的總會，有審判眾人的 神和被成全之義人的靈魂，
約一 3:2 親愛的弟兄啊，我們現在是 神的兒女，將來如何，還未顯明；但我們知道，主若顯現，我們必要象他，因為必得見他的真體。
猶 1:24 那能保守你們不失腳，叫你們無瑕無疵、歡歡喜喜站在他榮耀之前的我們的救主獨一的 神，
英文
[1] MAT 17:12 But I say unto you, That Elias is come already, and they knew him not, but have done unto him whatsoever they listed. Likewise shall also the Son of man suffer of them. JAM 1:14 But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. DEU 30:19 I call heaven and earth to record this day against you, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing; therefore choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live.
[2] ECC 7:29 Lo, this only have I found, that God hath made man upright; but they have sought out many inventions. GEN 1:26 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.
[3] GEN 2:16 And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: 17 But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. 3:6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
[4] ROM 5:6 For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. 8:7 Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. JOH 15:5 I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing.
[5] ROM 3:10 As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one. 12 They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one.
[6] EPH 2:1 And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins. 5 Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved). COL 2:13 And you, being dead in your sins and the uncircumcision of your flesh, hath he quickened together with him, having forgiven you all trespasses.
[7] JOH 6:44 No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him: and I will raise him up at the last day. 65 And he said, Therefore said I unto you, that no man can come unto me, except it were given unto him of my Father. EPH 2:2 Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience: 3 Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. 4 But God, who is rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us, 5 Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved;). 1CO 2:14 But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned. TIT 3:3 For we ourselves also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another. 4 But after that the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, 5 Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost.
[8] COL 1:13 Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son. JOH 8:34 Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin. 36 If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.
[9] PHI 2:13 For it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure. ROM 6:18 Being then made free from sin, ye became the servants of righteousness. 22 But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life.
[10] GAL 5:17 For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would. ROM 7:15 For that which I do I allow not: for what I would, that do I not; but what I hate, that do I. 18 For I know that in me(that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not. 19 For the good that I would I do not: but the evil which I would not, that I do. 21 I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil is present with me. 23 But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.
[11] EPH 4:13 Till we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ. HEB 12:23 To the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect. 1JO 3:2 Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be: but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be like him; for we shall see him as he is. JUD 24 Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy.
目錄
威斯敏斯特信条证明经文 （1-8章 9-16章 ） 威斯敏斯特信条王志勇牧师译 威斯敏斯特信条吕沛渊牧师译