MHCC:创世记 22

Chapter 22第二十二章

God commands Abraham to offer up Isaac. (1,2) Abraham's faith and obedience to the Divine command. (3-10) Another sacrifice is provided instead of Isaac. (11-14) The covenant with Abraham renewed. (15-19) The family of Nahor. (20-24)上帝命令亚伯拉罕献以撒。（1,2）亚伯拉罕凭着信心服从上帝的命令。（3-10）上帝预备了其他的祭物代替以撒。（11-14）上帝更新与亚伯拉罕的约。（15-19）拿鹤家族。（20-24）

Verses 1-2 We never are secure from trials In Hebrew, to tempt, and to try, or to prove, are expressed by the same word. Every trial is indeed a temptation, and tends to show the dispositions of the heart, whether holy or unholy. But God proved Abraham, not to draw him to sin, as Satan tempts. Strong faith is often exercised with strong trials, and put upon hard services. The command to offer up his son, is given in such language as makes the trial more grievous; every word here is a sword. Observe, 1. The person to be offered: Take thy son; not thy bullocks and thy lambs. How willingly would Abraham have parted with them all to redeem Isaac! Thy son; not thy servant. Thine only son; thine only son by Sarah. Take Isaac, that son whom thou lovest. 2. The place: three days' journey off; so that Abraham might have time to consider, and might deliberately obey. 3. The manner: Offer him fro a burnt-offering; not only kill his son, his Isaac, but kill him as a sacrifice; kill him with all that solemn pomp and ceremony, with which he used to offer his burnt-offerings.

1-2在试验面前，或者说考验、测验、检测面前，（在希伯来语中这些意思都是同一个词——试验）我们从来都不是可靠的。每一次试验都是实实在在的，会显示出心里的倾向，看出你的心是否圣洁属灵。但上帝对亚伯拉罕的试验，不同于撒旦的试探，上帝的试验不是为了将人引到罪中。强的信心往往会经受强的试验的训练，从事艰难的服侍。献出儿子的命令，字字如刀，使这次试验显得非常严酷。我们来看：第一，被献者：是“你的儿子”，不是你的牛，也不是你的羊。如果可以用所有的牛羊代替以撒，亚伯拉罕无疑将会多么乐意！要献上的是“你的儿子”，不是你的仆人，是你的独生儿子，是从撒拉所生的独生儿子，要献上你最最心爱的儿子以撒！第二，地点：有三天的路程；那样亚伯拉罕就有时间考虑，可以做出真心的顺服。第三，方式：将他献为燔祭。不仅要杀死儿子以撒，而且要作为祭品杀死；要以庄严的祭礼将以撒杀死，就像亚伯拉罕以前献燔祭时所行的祭礼一样。

Verses 3-10 Never was any gold tried in so hot a fire. Who but Abraham would not have argued with God? Such would have been the thought of a weak heart; but Abraham knew that he had to do with a God, even Jehovah. Faith had taught him not to argue, but to obey. He is sure that what God commands is good; that what he promises cannot be broken. In matters of God, whoever consults with flesh and blood, will never offer up his Isaac to God. The good patriarch rises early, and begins his sad journey. And now he travels three days, and Isaac still is in his sight! Misery is made worse when long continued. The expression, We will come again to you, shows that Abraham expected that Isaac, being raised from the dead, would return with him. It was a very affecting question that Isaac asked him, as they were going together: "My father," said Isaac; it was a melting word, which, one would think, should strike deeper in the heart of Abraham, than his knife could in the heart of Isaac. Yet he waits for his son's question. Then Abraham, where he meant not, prophesies: "My son, God will provide a lamb for a burnt-offering." The Holy Spirit, by his mouth, seems to predict the Lamb of God, which he has provided, and which taketh away the sin of the world. Abraham lays the wood in order for his Isaac's funeral pile, and now tells him the amazing news: Isaac, thou art the lamb which God has provided! Abraham, no doubt, comforting him with the same hopes with which he himself by faith was comforted. Yet it is necessary that the sacrifice be bound. The great Sacrifice, which, in the fulness of time, was to be offered up, must be bound, and so must Isaac. This being done, Abraham takes the knife, and stretches out his hand to give the fatal blow. Here is an act of faith and obedience, which deserves to be a spectacle to God, angels, and men. God, by his providence, calls us to part with an Isaac sometimes, and we must do it with 1 samuel .

3-10从来没有哪块金子经受的是这样的烈火。除了亚伯拉罕，谁会不跟上帝争辩？但是，只有信心小的人才会想跟上帝争辩，亚伯拉罕知道，他必须顺服耶和华上帝。信心教导他，不要争辩，要顺服。他确信，上帝的命令总是好的，上帝的应许，不会落空。在属灵的事上，谁若是跟属于肉体血气的商量，那么他绝对不会将他的以撒献给上帝。这位好家长（指亚伯拉罕——译者注）早早地起来，开始了他的伤心之旅。他走了三天，而以撒就在他的眼前。悲惨会因为长时间的持续而加剧。亚伯拉罕说“我与童子往那里去拜一拜，就回到你们这里来”，这表明他希望以撒能从死亡中起来，和他一起回去。当父子同行的时候，以撒的发问是如此感人。以撒说：“父亲哪！”这是一句多么能够使心肠融化的话，试想，这话对亚伯拉罕的心的刺痛之深，恐怕远远甚于他的刀所能刺入以撒的心脏的深度。但是，他还是等着他儿子的提问。然后，亚伯拉罕说出了预言，尽管不是他自己有意的，“我儿，上帝必自己预备作燔祭的羊羔。”圣灵借着亚伯拉罕之口，预言了上帝的羔羊（指基督——译者注），是上帝所预备的，除去世人罪孽的。亚伯拉罕摆好柴，准备好了以撒的丧礼，现在，他将惊人的消息告诉以撒：以撒，你就是上帝预备的羔羊！亚伯拉罕毫不怀疑，从因自己所怀的信心而曾经获得安慰的同一个盼望中得到安慰。（这话相当不好译，原文为Abraham, no doubt, comforting him with the same hopes with which he himself by faith was comforted.——译者注）祭物必须被绑起来。那伟大的祭物（基督），在日子满足，被献上的时候，也要被绑起来，所以以撒也是如此。这些都完成后，亚伯拉罕伸手举刀，要杀儿子。这是一个充满信心和顺服的动作，是要让上帝、天使和人观看的。上帝以他的眷顾，有时会让我们与我们的以撒分离，我们必须顺服（参阅撒母耳记上3:18）。

Verses 11-14 It was not God's intention that Isaac should actually be sacrificed, yet nobler blood than that of animals, in due time, was to be shed for sin, even the blood of the only begotten Son of God. But in the mean while God would not in any case have human sacrifices used. Another sacrifice is provided. Reference must be had to the promised Messiah, the blessed Seed. Christ was sacrificed in our stead, as this ram instead of Isaac, and his death was our discharge. And observe, that the temple, the place of sacrifice, was afterwards built upon this same mount Moriah; and Calvary, where Christ was crucified, was near. A new name was given to that place, for the encouragement of all believers, to the end of the world, cheerfully to trust in God, and obey him. Jehovah-jireh, the Lord will provide; probably alluding to what Abraham had said, God will provide himself a lamb. The Lord will always have his eye upon his people, in their straits and distresses, that he may give them seasonable help.

11-14上帝并非真的想让以撒成为祭品，尽管在特定的时候，上帝会让比动物的血更高贵的血液流出来洗刷人的罪孽，甚至是他的独生儿子的宝血。但是，上帝从来不让人作为祭品。别的祭品已经预备了，那就是应许的弥赛亚，那蒙福的后裔（the blessed Seed）。基督为我们而牺牲，他的死成为我们的赎价，就像那头公羊代替了以撒。请注意，后来的圣殿——献祭的场所，就是建在这摩利亚山上的；基督被钉十字架的加略山，也在这附近。这地方有了一个新的名字，直到世界的末了都作为对所有的信徒的鼓励，使众信徒乐意相信上帝，顺服上帝。耶和华以勒，耶和华必预备；也许，这正暗指了亚伯拉罕先前所说的话，“上帝必自己预备作燔祭的羊羔”。上帝始终都眷顾他的子民，当他们在死荫幽谷，他会给他们应时的帮助。

Verses 15-19 There are high declarations of God's favour to Abraham in this confirmation of the covenant with him, exceeding any he had yet been blessed with. Those that are willing to part with any thing for God, shall have it made up to them with unspeakable advantage. The promise, ver. 18 , doubtless points at the Messiah, and the grace of the gospel. Hereby we know the loving-kindness of God our Saviour towards sinful man, in that he hath not withheld his Son, his only Son, from us. Hereby we perceive the love of Christ, in that he gave himself a sacrifice for our sins. Yet he lives, and calls to sinners to come to him, and partake of his blood-bought salvation. He calls to his redeemed people to rejoice in him, and to glorify him. What then shall we render for all his benefits? Let his love constrain us to live not to ourselves, but to Him who died for us, and rose again. Admiring and adoring His grace, let us devote our all to his service, who laid down his life for our salvation. Whatever is dearest to us upon earth is our Isaac. And the only way for us to find comfort in an earthly thing, is to give it by faith into the hands of God. Yet remember that Abraham was not justified by his readiness to obey, but by the infinitely more noble obedience of Jesus Christ; his faith receiving this, relying on this, rejoicing in this, disposed and made him able for such wonderful self-denial and duty.

15-19在这一次确证和亚伯拉罕的约的时候，上帝强烈地声明他对亚伯拉罕的恩宠，这次亚伯拉罕所受的祝福，是超越一切以往的。那些愿意为上帝撇下一切的人，能够从上帝那里得到无可言说的好处。第18节的应许毫无疑问是指向弥赛亚的，是指向福音的恩典的。从此，我们知道上帝对罪人的慈爱，连他的独生子都没有留下不给我们。从此，我们知道基督的爱，因为我们的罪，他牺牲了自己。如今，他（基督）依然活着，呼唤罪人来投靠他，让他们来分享他用宝血换来的救赎。他呼唤他买赎回来的子民在他里面得享喜乐，来荣耀他。我们该如何来报答他一切的恩典呢？让他的爱来捆绑我们，使我们不再为自己活，而是为了为我们死、为我们复活的基督活。赞美敬拜他的恩典，让我们将自己完全献上来侍奉他，他为了救我们，曾将自己的命倾倒。在世上，我们最心爱的东西，就是我们的以撒。如果我们想在一件属世的事物中寻求安慰，那么唯一的方法就是凭着信心将它交在上帝的手中。然而，我们不该忘记的是，亚伯拉罕称义并非因为他自己的顺服，而是因为耶稣基督那更高贵的无限顺服；他凭着信心接受并仰赖这一点，他的信心使他能够自卑并且尽自己的本分。

Verses 20-24 This chapter ends with some account of Nahor's family, who had settled at Haran. This seems to be given for the connexion which it had with the church of God. From thence Isaac and Jacob took wives; and before the account of those events this list is recorded. It shows that though Abraham saw his own family highly honoured with privileges, admitted into covenant, and blessed with the assurance of the promise, yet he did not look with disdain upon his relations, but was glad to hear of the increase and welfare of their families.

20-24本章以对定居在哈兰的拿鹤家族的记录而告终。这一记录看起来是因为他们跟上帝的信徒之间的亲戚关系。以撒和雅各就是从他们那里娶妻的，在记录那些事情之前，这里先记载了他们的名单。这意味着，尽管亚伯拉罕看到自己的家族拥有荣耀的特权，是被上帝的约所承认的，有上帝的应许的祝福，但是他并没有因此瞧不起他的亲戚，而是很乐意听到亲戚的家族兴旺昌盛。--【译】赵威&【搬】何叶^-^~2012年3月26日(一)09:30 (CST)