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今日真道聖言/2014年1月9日

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聖經經文

彼後 1:20-21 第一要緊的,該知道經上所有的預言沒有可隨私意解說的; 彼後 1:21 因為預言從來沒有出於人意的,乃是人被聖靈感動,說出 神的話來。

徒15:15-16徒 15:15 眾先知的話也與這意思相合。 徒 15:16 正如經上所寫的:『此後,我要回來,重新修造大衛倒塌的帳幕,把那破壞的,重新修造建立起來;

太 22:29,31 耶穌回答說:「你們錯了;因為不明白聖經,也不曉得 神的大能。 太 22:31 論到死人復活, 神在經上向你們所說的,你們沒有念過嗎?

弗 2:20 並且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶穌自己為房角石;

徒 28:25 他們彼此不合,就散了,未散以先,保羅說了一句話,說:「聖靈借先知以賽亞向你們祖宗所說的話是不錯的。

太 22:29,31 耶穌回答說:「你們錯了;因為不明白聖經,也不曉得 神的大能。 太 22:31 論到死人復活, 神在經上向你們所說的,你們沒有念過嗎?

弗 2:20 並且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶穌自己為房角石;

徒 28:25 他們彼此不合,就散了,未散以先,保羅說了一句話,說:「聖靈借先知以賽亞向你們祖宗所說的話是不錯的。


威斯敏斯特信條

1.9 解釋聖經的唯一無謬誤規則,就是以經解經。所以當我們對任何一處聖經的真實完整意義(每處聖經都只有一個意思,而沒有多種意思)有疑問時,就當查考聖經其他多處更清楚的經文,以解明其真義。

1.9. The infallible rule of interpretation of Scripture is the Scripture itself: and therefore, when there is a question about the true and full sense of any Scripture (which is not manifold, but one), it must be searched and known by other places that speak more clearly.

1.10要判斷信仰上一切爭論,要審查所有的教會會議決議、古代作者意見、人們的教導、個人屬靈領受時,我們所當依據的最高裁判者只有一位,就是在聖經中說話的聖靈。唯有祂在聖經中的定案,我們才能安心滿足。

1.10. The supreme judge by which all controversies of religion are to be determined, and all decrees of councils, opinions of ancient writers, doctrines of men, and private spirits, are to be examined, and in whose sentence we are to rest, can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture.


威斯敏斯特信條解釋


七.解釋聖經的無謬規則

聖經是無謬的,意思是說聖經絕對沒有誤差、錯誤或矛盾。這是因為上帝本身就是聖經的作者,因此解釋聖經的無謬規則就是聖經本身。這一規則就是「信仰類比」(analogy of faith)。就是說,如果聖經給予某句經文一個解釋,我們就不應當找尋其他的解釋(譬如賽7:14在太1:23中得到解釋)。

注意信條本身插入的評論也註明,任何經文應當只有一個真實和完整的意義。這種一般性的規則可以被應用於多數經文,在研究聖經時也當遵行(有幾處經文是罕見的例外,聖經本身提示有不同層次的解釋,尤其是在預言方面)。

決定信仰和基督徒生活方面上的一切爭論,都當以在聖經中說話的聖靈為最高裁判者。我們的主(祂本身就是上帝的活潑的聖言)在與撒旦的爭論時也引用經文(太4:4,7,10;22:29,31)。

世人的權威和經驗也必須服從聖經。同樣,我們只能遵守忠於聖經的信經與信條。


聖經經文

1.加三12:律法原不本乎信,只說:「行這些事的,就必因此活着。」

2.創二17:只是分別善惡樹上的果子,你不可吃,因為你吃的日子必定死!

1.傳七29:神造人原是正直,但他們尋出許多巧計。

1.約壹三4:凡犯罪的,就是違背律法:違背律法的就是罪。

1 創三6~8:於是女人見那棵樹的果子好作食物,也悅人的眼目,且是可喜愛的,能使人有智慧,就摘下果子來吃了;又給她丈夫,她丈夫也吃了。他們二人的眼睛就明亮了,才知道自己是赤身露體,便拿無花果樹的時子,為自己編作裙子。天起了涼風,耶和華神在園中行走。那人和他妻子聽見神的聲音,就藏在園裏的樹木中,躲避耶和華神的面。

1.創一28:神就賜福給他們,又對他們說,要生養眾多,遍滿地面。創二16~17:耶和華神吩咐他,說:「園中各樣樹上的果子,你可以隨意吃;只是分別善惡樹上的果子,你不可吃,因為你吃的日子必定死!」

2.羅五18:因一次的過犯,眾人都被定罪。


小要理問答

問12 當人受造時,神向人施行特別的護理作為,是什麼?

答:當神造人之後,祂與人立了生命的聖約,以完全順服為條件;禁止人吃那分別善惡樹上的果子,以死亡的痛苦為刑罰。


Q. 12. What special act of providence did God exercise toward man in the estate wherein he was created?

A. When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.


問3 我們的始祖持續在他們受造時的狀態中嗎?

答:我們的始祖因其自由意志,選擇犯罪得罪神,就從當初受造的狀態中墮落了。

Q. 13. Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?

A. Our first parents, being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they were created, by sinning against God.


問14 罪是什麼?

答:任何不遵守或違背神的的律法的,就是罪。

Q. 14. What is sin?

A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.


15問 我們的始祖犯了什麼罪,使他們從當初受造的狀態中墮落了?

答:我們的始祖吃了禁果,使他們從當初受造的狀態中墮落了。

Q. 15. What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?

A. The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created was their eating the forbidden fruit.


問答16 全人類都在亞當初次犯罪中墮落了嗎?

答:神與亞當所立的聖約,不單是為亞當自己,也是為了他的後裔;全人類是按常例傳宗接代,由亞當而來,都在亞當里犯了罪,在他初次犯罪中與他一同墮落了。

Q. 16. Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression?

A. The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him, in his first transgression.


大要理問答


19問:上帝對天使的護理之工是什麼?

答:上帝的護理之工,容許一些天使蓄意犯罪,陷入咒詛滅亡之中,不能恢復;祂限制他們所犯的一切罪,命定借着這些事,也彰顯祂自己的榮耀祂也堅立其餘的天使,保守他們在聖潔與喜樂中;按照祂的美意,差遣這些善良的使者,來施行祂的權能,憐憫,公義。


Q. 19. What is God's providence towards the angels?

A. God by his providence permitted some of the angels, willfully and irrecoverably, to fall into sin and damnation, limiting and ordering that, and all their sins, to his own glory; and established the rest in holiness and happiness; employing them all, at his pleasure, in the administrations of his power, mercy, and justice.


20問:上帝對人在當初受造的景況時,其護理之工是什麼?

答:上帝對人起初受造時的護理之工,是:

將他安置在樂園中,使他修理看守這園子,賜他可以隨意吃園中各樣樹上的果子;

又將萬物伏在他的治理下,並設立婚姻幫助他;

賜恩使他與上帝相交團契;

設立安息日,與他立下生命之約,以始終完全的順服為條件,將生命樹作為立約的憑據;

並且禁止他吃分別善惡樹的果子,以死亡的痛苦為刑罰。


Q. 20. What was the providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created?

A. The providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created, was the placing him in paradise, appointing him to dress it, giving him liberty to eat of the fruit of the earth; putting the creatures under his dominion, and ordaining marriage for his help; affording him communion with himself; instituting the Sabbath; entering into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of personal, perfect, and perpetual obedience, of which the tree of life was a pledge; and forbidding to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.


21問:人是不是繼續活在當初上帝造人的景況中?

答:我們的先祖,受到撒但的試探,妄用他們自己意志的自由,吃了那禁果而背叛上帝的誡命;因此就從當初他們受造的無罪狀態中墮落了。

Q. 21. Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him?

A. Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, through the temptation of Satan, transgressed the commandment of God in eating the forbidden fruit; and thereby fell from the estate of innocency wherein they were created.


22問:在亞當最初的過犯中,全人類是否都墮落了?

答:因為亞當是全人類的代表,所以,上帝與亞當所立的約,不只是為亞當自己,也是為了從他而出的所有後裔。因此,在亞當最初的過犯中,眾人都在他裏面與他一同犯罪,一同墮落了。

Q. 22. Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?

A. The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.


23問:墮落將人類帶入何種景況中?

答:墮落將人類帶入罪惡與悲慘的景況中。

Q. 23. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?

A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.


24問:罪是什麼?

答:凡是沒有遵行或任意違犯神的律法都是罪,律法是祂賜的規則,是給凡有理性的受造物。

Q. 24. What is sin?

A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule to the reasonable creature.


威斯敏斯特信條


6.1我們的始祖,因被撒但的詭計與試探所誘惑,就吃了禁果而犯罪。然而上帝願意按照祂的智慧與聖潔的計劃,為了彰顯自己的榮耀,就任憑他們犯下此罪。

6.2他們因犯此罪,失落了他們原先之正直,從與上帝相交的地位墮落了,於是死在罪中,並且靈魂和身體的各個部分與一切功能,都被全然玷污了。

6.3始祖既為全人類的根源,此罪咎就歸算給他們的後裔,並且罪中之死與敗壞本性,就傳給了他們按常例生出的所有後代子孫。