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今日真道圣言/2014年1月9日
彼后 1:20-21 第一要紧的,该知道经上所有的预言没有可随私意解说的; 彼后 1:21 因为预言从来没有出于人意的,乃是人被圣灵感动,说出 神的话来。
徒15:15-16徒 15:15 众先知的话也与这意思相合。 徒 15:16 正如经上所写的:‘此后,我要回来,重新修造大卫倒塌的帐幕,把那破坏的,重新修造建立起来;
太 22:29,31 耶稣回答说:“你们错了;因为不明白圣经,也不晓得 神的大能。 太 22:31 论到死人复活, 神在经上向你们所说的,你们没有念过吗?
弗 2:20 并且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶稣自己为房角石;
徒 28:25 他们彼此不合,就散了,未散以先,保罗说了一句话,说:“圣灵借先知以赛亚向你们祖宗所说的话是不错的。
太 22:29,31 耶稣回答说:“你们错了;因为不明白圣经,也不晓得 神的大能。 太 22:31 论到死人复活, 神在经上向你们所说的,你们没有念过吗?
弗 2:20 并且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶稣自己为房角石;
徒 28:25 他们彼此不合,就散了,未散以先,保罗说了一句话,说:“圣灵借先知以赛亚向你们祖宗所说的话是不错的。
1.9 解释圣经的唯一无谬误规则,就是以经解经。所以当我们对任何一处圣经的真实完整意义(每处圣经都只有一个意思,而没有多种意思)有疑问时,就当查考圣经其他多处更清楚的经文,以解明其真义。
1.9. The infallible rule of interpretation of Scripture is the Scripture itself: and therefore, when there is a question about the true and full sense of any Scripture (which is not manifold, but one), it must be searched and known by other places that speak more clearly.
1.10要判断信仰上一切争论,要审查所有的教会会议决议、古代作者意见、人们的教导、个人属灵领受时,我们所当依据的最高裁判者只有一位,就是在圣经中说话的圣灵。唯有祂在圣经中的定案,我们才能安心满足。
1.10. The supreme judge by which all controversies of religion are to be determined, and all decrees of councils, opinions of ancient writers, doctrines of men, and private spirits, are to be examined, and in whose sentence we are to rest, can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture.
七.解释圣经的无谬规则
圣经是无谬的,意思是说圣经绝对没有误差、错误或矛盾。这是因为上帝本身就是圣经的作者,因此解释圣经的无谬规则就是圣经本身。这一规则就是“信仰类比”(analogy of faith)。就是说,如果圣经给予某句经文一个解释,我们就不应当找寻其他的解释(譬如赛7:14在太1:23中得到解释)。
注意信条本身插入的评论也注明,任何经文应当只有一个真实和完整的意义。这种一般性的规则可以被应用于多数经文,在研究圣经时也当遵行(有几处经文是罕见的例外,圣经本身提示有不同层次的解释,尤其是在预言方面)。
决定信仰和基督徒生活方面上的一切争论,都当以在圣经中说话的圣灵为最高裁判者。我们的主(祂本身就是上帝的活泼的圣言)在与撒旦的争论时也引用经文(太4:4,7,10;22:29,31)。
世人的权威和经验也必须服从圣经。同样,我们只能遵守忠于圣经的信经与信条。
圣经经文
1.加三12:律法原不本乎信,只说:「行这些事的,就必因此活着。」
2.创二17:只是分别善恶树上的果子,你不可吃,因为你吃的日子必定死!
1.传七29:神造人原是正直,但他们寻出许多巧计。
1.约壹三4:凡犯罪的,就是违背律法:违背律法的就是罪。
1 创三6~8:于是女人见那棵树的果子好作食物,也悦人的眼目,且是可喜爱的,能使人有智慧,就摘下果子来吃了;又给她丈夫,她丈夫也吃了。他们二人的眼睛就明亮了,才知道自己是赤身露体,便拿无花果树的时子,为自己编作裙子。天起了凉风,耶和华神在园中行走。那人和他妻子听见神的声音,就藏在园里的树木中,躲避耶和华神的面。
1.创一28:神就赐福给他们,又对他们说,要生养众多,遍满地面。创二16~17:耶和华神吩咐他,说:「园中各样树上的果子,你可以随意吃;只是分别善恶树上的果子,你不可吃,因为你吃的日子必定死!」
2.罗五18:因一次的过犯,众人都被定罪。
问12 当人受造时,神向人施行特别的护理作为,是什么?
答:当神造人之后,祂与人立了生命的圣约,以完全顺服为条件;禁止人吃那分别善恶树上的果子,以死亡的痛苦为刑罚。
Q. 12. What special act of providence did God exercise toward man in the estate wherein he was created?
A. When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.
问3 我们的始祖持续在他们受造时的状态中吗?
答:我们的始祖因其自由意志,选择犯罪得罪神,就从当初受造的状态中堕落了。
Q. 13. Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?
A. Our first parents, being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they were created, by sinning against God.
问14 罪是什么?
答:任何不遵守或违背神的的律法的,就是罪。
Q. 14. What is sin?
A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.
15问 我们的始祖犯了什么罪,使他们从当初受造的状态中堕落了?
答:我们的始祖吃了禁果,使他们从当初受造的状态中堕落了。
Q. 15. What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?
A. The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created was their eating the forbidden fruit.
问答16 全人类都在亚当初次犯罪中堕落了吗?
答:神与亚当所立的圣约,不单是为亚当自己,也是为了他的后裔;全人类是按常例传宗接代,由亚当而来,都在亚当里犯了罪,在他初次犯罪中与他一同堕落了。
Q. 16. Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression?
A. The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him, in his first transgression.
19问:上帝对天使的护理之工是什么?
答:上帝的护理之工,容许一些天使蓄意犯罪,陷入咒诅灭亡之中,不能恢复;祂限制他们所犯的一切罪,命定借着这些事,也彰显祂自己的荣耀祂也坚立其余的天使,保守他们在圣洁与喜乐中;按照祂的美意,差遣这些善良的使者,来施行祂的权能,怜悯,公义。
Q. 19. What is God's providence towards the angels?
A. God by his providence permitted some of the angels, willfully and irrecoverably, to fall into sin and damnation, limiting and ordering that, and all their sins, to his own glory; and established the rest in holiness and happiness; employing them all, at his pleasure, in the administrations of his power, mercy, and justice.
20问:上帝对人在当初受造的景况时,其护理之工是什么?
答:上帝对人起初受造时的护理之工,是:
将他安置在乐园中,使他修理看守这园子,赐他可以随意吃园中各样树上的果子;
又将万物伏在他的治理下,并设立婚姻帮助他;
赐恩使他与上帝相交团契;
设立安息日,与他立下生命之约,以始终完全的顺服为条件,将生命树作为立约的凭据;
并且禁止他吃分别善恶树的果子,以死亡的痛苦为刑罚。
Q. 20. What was the providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created?
A. The providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created, was the placing him in paradise, appointing him to dress it, giving him liberty to eat of the fruit of the earth; putting the creatures under his dominion, and ordaining marriage for his help; affording him communion with himself; instituting the Sabbath; entering into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of personal, perfect, and perpetual obedience, of which the tree of life was a pledge; and forbidding to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.
21问:人是不是继续活在当初上帝造人的景况中?
答:我们的先祖,受到撒但的试探,妄用他们自己意志的自由,吃了那禁果而背叛上帝的诫命;因此就从当初他们受造的无罪状态中堕落了。
Q. 21. Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him?
A. Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, through the temptation of Satan, transgressed the commandment of God in eating the forbidden fruit; and thereby fell from the estate of innocency wherein they were created.
22问:在亚当最初的过犯中,全人类是否都堕落了?
答:因为亚当是全人类的代表,所以,上帝与亚当所立的约,不只是为亚当自己,也是为了从他而出的所有后裔。因此,在亚当最初的过犯中,众人都在他里面与他一同犯罪,一同堕落了。
Q. 22. Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?
A. The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.
23问:堕落将人类带入何种景况中?
答:堕落将人类带入罪恶与悲惨的景况中。
Q. 23. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?
A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.
24问:罪是什么?
答:凡是没有遵行或任意违犯神的律法都是罪,律法是祂赐的规则,是给凡有理性的受造物。
Q. 24. What is sin?
A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule to the reasonable creature.
6.1我们的始祖,因被撒但的诡计与试探所诱惑,就吃了禁果而犯罪。然而上帝愿意按照祂的智慧与圣洁的计划,为了彰显自己的荣耀,就任凭他们犯下此罪。
6.2他们因犯此罪,失落了他们原先之正直,从与上帝相交的地位堕落了,于是死在罪中,并且灵魂和身体的各个部分与一切功能,都被全然玷污了。
6.3始祖既为全人类的根源,此罪咎就归算给他们的后裔,并且罪中之死与败坏本性,就传给了他们按常例生出的所有后代子孙。