MHC:哥林多前書 15

15

The apostle proves the resurrection of Christ from the dead.

(1–11)

Those answered who deny the resurrection of the body.

(12–19)

The resurrection of believers to eternal life.

(20–34)

Objections against it answered.

(35–50)

The mystery of the change that will be made on those living at Christ's second coming.

(51–54)

The believer's triumph over death and

(55–58)

the grave, An exhortation to diligence.

第15章

本章綱要

使徒證明基督從死里復活。（1-11）

信徒復活得永生。（20-34）

對異議的回答。（35-50）

奧秘：基督再臨時發生改變。（51-54）

信徒戰勝死亡和陰間。勸告使徒勤勉。（55-58）

Verses 1 – 11

The word resurrection, usually points out our existence beyond the grave. Of the apostle's doctrine not a trace can be found in all the teaching of philosophers. The doctrine of Christ's death and resurrection, is the foundation of Christianity. Remove this, and all our hopes for eternity sink at once. And it is by holding this truth firm, that Christians stand in the day of trial, and are kept faithful to God. We believe in vain, unless we keep in the faith of the gospel. This truth is confirmed by Old Testament prophecies; and many saw Christ after he was risen. This apostle was highly favoured, but he always had a low opinion of himself, and expressed it. When sinners are, by Divine grace, turned into saints, God causes the remembrance of former sins to make them humble, diligent, and faithful. He ascribes to Divine grace all that was valuable in him. True believers, though not ignorant of what the Lord has done for, in, and by them, yet when they look at their whole conduct and their obligations, they are led to feel that none are so worthless as they are. All true Christians believe that Jesus Christ, and him crucified, and then risen from the dead, is the sun and substance of Christianity. All the apostles agreed in this testimony; by this faith they lived, and in this faith they died.

1-11節

復活這個詞，通常指超越死亡的存在。使徒的教義是在所有哲學家的教導中都無法找到的。基督的死和復活的教義，是基督信仰的基礎。撇開這個教義，我們所有對永生的希望瞬間沉沒。正是由於牢牢握住了這條真理，基督徒得以在試煉與磨難中站立得住，保持對神的虔誠。除非我們相信福音，否則我們的信仰都是徒勞的。這個真理已經通過舊約聖經預言得到證實；而且許多人看到了復活後的基督。使徒保羅是非常有權柄的，但是他常常低看自己，並表達出來。由於神的恩賜，罪人變成聖徒，神會使他們因為過往的罪而變得謙卑、勤勉、虔誠。他把自己一切有價值的都歸因於神的恩惠。真正的信徒，儘管並非不知道神對他們所作的，和通過他們所作的，但是當他們看到整個行為和責任，他們為此感到自己是如此卑微。所有的真基督徒都相信耶穌基督和他被釘十字架，然後從死里復活，這是基督信仰的榮耀和實質。所有使徒都是他的見證；他們為此而活，也為此而死。

Verses 12 – 19

Having shown that Christ was risen, the apostle answers those who said there would be no resurrection. There had been no justification, or salvation, if Christ had not risen. And must not faith in Christ be vain, and of no use, if he is still among the dead? The proof of the resurrection of the body is the resurrection of our Lord. Even those who died in the faith, had perished in their sins, if Christ had not risen. All who believe in Christ, have hope in him, as a Redeemer; hope for redemption and salvation by him; but if there is no resurrection, or future recompence, their hope in him can only be as to this life. And they must be in a worse condition than the rest of mankind, especially at the time, and under the circumstances, in which the apostles wrote; for then Christians were hated and persecuted by all men. But it is not so; they, of all men, enjoy solid comforts amidst all their difficulties and trials, even in the times of the sharpest persecution.

12-19節

一些人認為不存在復活，保羅為此解釋了基督的復活。如果基督沒有復活升天，就沒有拯救，沒有罪得赦免。如果基督沒有復活，那麼對基督的信豈不都是枉然無用的？耶穌基督的復活就是身體復活的證據。如果基督沒有復活，那麼那些在基督里死去的人也將在他們的罪中滅亡。相信基督的人，基督就是他們的救世主，他們希望通過基督得到救贖；但是如果沒有復活，或未來的報償，他們就只能在今生有指望。那麼他們就比眾人處於更可憐的境地了，尤其是當時的情況下，也就是使徒寫信的年代。因為那時所有人都憎恨基督徒，逼迫他們。但事實並非如此，他們所有人都在所有困難和磨練中享受了極大的安慰，即使是在最殘酷的迫害中。

Verses 20 – 34

All that are by faith united to Christ, are by his resurrection assured of their own. As through the sin of the first Adam, all men became mortal, because all had from him the same sinful nature, so, through the resurrection of Christ, shall all who are made to partake of the Spirit, and the spiritual nature, revive, and live for ever. There will be an order in the resurrection. Christ himself has been the first-fruits; at his coming, his redeemed people will be raised before others; at the last the wicked will rise also. Then will be the end of this present state of things. Would we triumph in that solemn and important season, we must now submit to his rule, accept his salvation, and live to his glory. Then shall we rejoice in the completion of his undertaking, that God may receive the whole glory of our salvation, that we may for ever serve him, and enjoy his favour. What shall those do, who are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? Perhaps baptism is used here in a figure, for afflictions, sufferings, and martyrdom, as Mt 20:22, 23. What is, or will become of those who have suffered many and great injuries, and have even lost their lives, for this doctrine of the resurrection, if the dead rise not at all? Whatever the meaning may be, doubtless the apostle's argument was understood by the Corinthians. And it is as plain to us that Christianity would be a foolish profession, if it proposed advantage to themselves by their faithfulness to God; and to have our fruit to holiness, that our end may be everlasting life. But we must not live like beasts, as we do not die like them. It must be ignorance of God that leads any to disbelieve the resurrection and future life. Those who own a God and a providence, and observe how unequal things are in the present life, how frequently the best men fare worst, cannot doubt as to an after-state, where every thing will be set to rights. Let us not be joined with ungodly men; but warn all around us, especially children and young persons, to shun them as a pestilence. Let us awake to righteousness, and not sin.

20-34節

那些都是因為對基督的信心，對基督復活的確信。由於亞當犯了罪，所有的人都終有一死，因為所有人都有從他而來的相同的罪的本性，所以，通過基督的復活，所有信他的人都從他得到屬靈的本質，復活並永生。復活是有次序的。基督是初熟的果子；他到來時贖回的子民將比其他人先復活。最後仇敵將復活。接著末期到了。我們若想要在那重大的時節勝利，現在就必須順服他的管束，接受他的救贖，過著榮耀基督的生活。那麼讓我們享受基督的救贖，而神得著救恩的榮耀，我們永遠服事他，享受他的喜悅。如果死人不復活，那麼那些為死人受洗的將會怎樣呢？此處洗禮可能是一個象徵，代表痛苦、苦難和殉道，如太20:22,23。如果死人不復活，那麼那些為基督復活遭受巨大苦難甚至失去生命的人將會怎樣？無論是什麼意思，毫無疑問，哥林多教會理解了使徒保羅的論證。我們非常清楚，如果靠對上帝的虔誠來獲得自己的益處，那麼告白信仰基督將是愚蠢的；我們應當結聖潔的果子，獲得永生。但是我們不能像野獸一樣活著，正如我們不會像它們那樣死去。對神的無知，只會導致不信復活和來世。承認上帝和祂的道，注意到現世生活中事情多麼不平等，多少好人過的悲慘，毫不懷疑未來的國度，那裡的一切都更加美好。不與褻瀆神的人為伍；但要告誡我們周圍的人，尤其是孩子和年輕人，遠離他們。讓我們保持警醒，不犯罪。

Verses 35 – 50

1. How are the dead raised up? that is, by what means? How can they be raised? 2. As to the bodies which shall rise. Will it be with the like shape, and form, and stature, and members, and qualities? The former objection is that of those who opposed the doctrine, the latter of curious doubters. To the first the answer is, This was to be brought about by Divine power; that power which all may see does somewhat like it, year after year, in the death and revival of the corn. It is foolish to question the Almighty power of God to raise the dead, when we see it every day quickening and reviving things that are dead. To the second inquiry; The grain undergoes a great change; and so will the dead, when they rise and live again. The seed dies, though a part of it springs into new life, though how it is we cannot fully understand. The works of creation and providence daily teach us to be humble, as well as to admire the Creator's wisdom and goodness. There is a great variety among other bodies, as there is among plants. There is a variety of glory among heavenly bodies. The bodies of the dead, when they rise, will be fitted for the heavenly bodies. The bodies of the dead, when they rise, will be fitted for the heavenly state; and there will be a variety of glories among them. Burying the dead, is like committing seed to the earth, that it may spring out of it again. Nothing is more loathsome than a dead body. But believers shall at the resurrection have bodies, made fit to be for ever united with spirits made perfect. To God all things are possible. He is the Author and Source of spiritual life and holiness, unto all his people, by the supply of his Holy Spirit to the soul; and he will also quicken and change the body by his Spirit. The dead in Christ shall not only rise, but shall rise thus gloriously changed. The bodies of the saints, when they rise again, will be changed. They will be then glorious and spiritual bodies, fitted to the heavenly world and state, where they are ever afterwards to dwell. The human body in its present form, and with its wants and weaknesses, cannot enter or enjoy the kingdom of God. Then let us not sow to the flesh, of which we can only reap corruption. And the body follows the state of the soul. He, therefore, who neglects the life of the soul, casts away his present good; he who refuses to live to God, squanders all he has.

35-50節 1.死人如何復活？即通過什麼方式？他們怎麼能夠復活？2.關於復活的身體。會像現在這樣嗎？這樣的形狀、性質屬性？前一個異議是那些反對教義的人提出的，後者是好奇的懷疑者提出的。對於第一個問題，答案是這樣的，這是神的大能作的；如同所有的人看到的，每年玉米的死亡和復甦。質疑上帝讓死人復活是愚蠢的，因為我們每天都能看到已死的事物復甦返青。對第二個質疑：糧食/穀物要經歷巨大的改變，死人復活重生也是一樣的。種子死了，其中一部分生出新生命，儘管它是怎樣成的我們無法完全明白，但是神創造的工作和神的道每天都教導我們謙卑，讚美神的智慧和善良。將會有各種各樣的身體，就像植物一樣。屬天的身體有各種榮耀。死人復活時，他們的身體將適應天國，他們將享有各種榮耀。埋葬死者，如同在地上埋下種子，它又會生出來。沒有什麼比屍體更讓人厭惡。但是信徒在復活時會有完美的屬靈身體。在神凡事都能成。他是作者，是屬靈生命和聖潔的源泉，為他的子民賜下聖靈；通過聖靈復活並改變他們的體質。基督里的復活不僅僅是復活，還會有榮耀的改變。聖徒的身體，復活時將發生改變。他們將是榮耀的屬靈的身體，適應屬天的國度——他們此後永遠居住的地方。人類現在的身體有欲望，有軟弱，不能進入或享受神的國。讓我們不順著只能收割敗壞的身體播種，讓身體跟隨屬靈的國度。因此，忽視屬靈生命的人，丟掉了他現世最好的禮物；拒絕向神活著的人，浪費了他的所有。

Verses 51 – 58

All the saints should not die, but all would be changed. In the gospel, many truths, before hidden in mystery, are made known. Death never shall appear in the regions to which our Lord will bear his risen saints. Therefore let us seek the full assurance of faith and hope, that in the midst of pain, and in the prospect of death, we may think calmly on the horrors of the tomb; assured that our bodies will there sleep, and in the mean time our souls will be present with the Redeemer. Sin gives death all its hurtful power. The sting of death is sin; but Christ, by dying, has taken out this sting; he has made atonement for sin, he has obtained remission of it. The strength of sin is the law. None can answer its demands, endure its curse, or do away his own transgressions. Hence terror and anguish. And hence death is terrible to the unbelieving and the impenitent. Death may seize a believer, but it cannot hold him in its power. How many springs of joy to the saints, and of thanksgiving to God, are opened by the death and resurrection, the sufferings and conquests of the Redeemer! In verse #(58), we have an exhortation, that believers should be stedfast, firm in the faith of that gospel which the apostle preached, and they received. Also, to be unmovable in their hope and expectation of this great privilege, of being raised incorruptible and immortal. And to abound in the work of the Lord, always doing the Lord's service, and obeying the Lord's commands. May Christ give us faith, and increase our faith, that we may not only be safe, but joyful and triumphant.

51-58節

聖徒不會死亡，但是都會改變。福音中許多隱藏的奧秘都顯示出來。在神的國，死亡將永不出現。因此讓我們追求對信心和希望的完全的確信，在痛苦中，在通往死亡的路途中，在對墳墓的恐懼中，我們安靜地思考；確信我們的身體將在那裡睡覺，同時我們的靈魂將和救世主一起出現。罪給了死所有毀滅的力量。死的毒鉤就是罪；但是基督，通過死已經戰勝了罪；他已經做了贖罪祭，不受罪的轄制。罪的權勢是律法。從此恐懼而痛苦。從此對不信的和不知悔改的人，死亡就是可怕的。死亡可以抓住一個信徒，但是它無法扣留他。救世主的受難和得勝，死和復活打開了聖徒喜樂和感謝神的源泉！58節是對我們的勸勉，信徒應該堅定對福音的信心，也就是使徒所傳講的、他們所接受的福音。同樣，他們堅守對此的信心和盼望，復活，永不朽壞。在神的工作中，永遠服事神，順服神的命令。願基督賜給我們信心，增加我們的信心，這樣我們不僅平安，而且喜樂得勝。

http://blog.tianya.cn/blogger/post_read.asp?BlogID=4470083&PostID=49192524