MHC:哥林多前书 15

15

The apostle proves the resurrection of Christ from the dead.

(1–11)

Those answered who deny the resurrection of the body.

(12–19)

The resurrection of believers to eternal life.

(20–34)

Objections against it answered.

(35–50)

The mystery of the change that will be made on those living at Christ's second coming.

(51–54)

The believer's triumph over death and

(55–58)

the grave, An exhortation to diligence.

第15章

本章纲要

使徒证明基督从死里复活。（1-11）

信徒复活得永生。（20-34）

对异议的回答。（35-50）

奥秘：基督再临时发生改变。（51-54）

信徒战胜死亡和阴间。劝告使徒勤勉。（55-58）

Verses 1 – 11

The word resurrection, usually points out our existence beyond the grave. Of the apostle's doctrine not a trace can be found in all the teaching of philosophers. The doctrine of Christ's death and resurrection, is the foundation of Christianity. Remove this, and all our hopes for eternity sink at once. And it is by holding this truth firm, that Christians stand in the day of trial, and are kept faithful to God. We believe in vain, unless we keep in the faith of the gospel. This truth is confirmed by Old Testament prophecies; and many saw Christ after he was risen. This apostle was highly favoured, but he always had a low opinion of himself, and expressed it. When sinners are, by Divine grace, turned into saints, God causes the remembrance of former sins to make them humble, diligent, and faithful. He ascribes to Divine grace all that was valuable in him. True believers, though not ignorant of what the Lord has done for, in, and by them, yet when they look at their whole conduct and their obligations, they are led to feel that none are so worthless as they are. All true Christians believe that Jesus Christ, and him crucified, and then risen from the dead, is the sun and substance of Christianity. All the apostles agreed in this testimony; by this faith they lived, and in this faith they died.

1-11节

复活这个词，通常指超越死亡的存在。使徒的教义是在所有哲学家的教导中都无法找到的。基督的死和复活的教义，是基督信仰的基础。撇开这个教义，我们所有对永生的希望瞬间沉没。正是由于牢牢握住了这条真理，基督徒得以在试炼与磨难中站立得住，保持对神的虔诚。除非我们相信福音，否则我们的信仰都是徒劳的。这个真理已经通过旧约圣经预言得到证实；而且许多人看到了复活后的基督。使徒保罗是非常有权柄的，但是他常常低看自己，并表达出来。由于神的恩赐，罪人变成圣徒，神会使他们因为过往的罪而变得谦卑、勤勉、虔诚。他把自己一切有价值的都归因于神的恩惠。真正的信徒，尽管并非不知道神对他们所作的，和通过他们所作的，但是当他们看到整个行为和责任，他们为此感到自己是如此卑微。所有的真基督徒都相信耶稣基督和他被钉十字架，然后从死里复活，这是基督信仰的荣耀和实质。所有使徒都是他的见证；他们为此而活，也为此而死。

Verses 12 – 19

Having shown that Christ was risen, the apostle answers those who said there would be no resurrection. There had been no justification, or salvation, if Christ had not risen. And must not faith in Christ be vain, and of no use, if he is still among the dead? The proof of the resurrection of the body is the resurrection of our Lord. Even those who died in the faith, had perished in their sins, if Christ had not risen. All who believe in Christ, have hope in him, as a Redeemer; hope for redemption and salvation by him; but if there is no resurrection, or future recompence, their hope in him can only be as to this life. And they must be in a worse condition than the rest of mankind, especially at the time, and under the circumstances, in which the apostles wrote; for then Christians were hated and persecuted by all men. But it is not so; they, of all men, enjoy solid comforts amidst all their difficulties and trials, even in the times of the sharpest persecution.

12-19节

一些人认为不存在复活，保罗为此解释了基督的复活。如果基督没有复活升天，就没有拯救，没有罪得赦免。如果基督没有复活，那么对基督的信岂不都是枉然无用的？耶稣基督的复活就是身体复活的证据。如果基督没有复活，那么那些在基督里死去的人也将在他们的罪中灭亡。相信基督的人，基督就是他们的救世主，他们希望通过基督得到救赎；但是如果没有复活，或未来的报偿，他们就只能在今生有指望。那么他们就比众人处于更可怜的境地了，尤其是当时的情况下，也就是使徒写信的年代。因为那时所有人都憎恨基督徒，逼迫他们。但事实并非如此，他们所有人都在所有困难和磨练中享受了极大的安慰，即使是在最残酷的迫害中。

Verses 20 – 34

All that are by faith united to Christ, are by his resurrection assured of their own. As through the sin of the first Adam, all men became mortal, because all had from him the same sinful nature, so, through the resurrection of Christ, shall all who are made to partake of the Spirit, and the spiritual nature, revive, and live for ever. There will be an order in the resurrection. Christ himself has been the first-fruits; at his coming, his redeemed people will be raised before others; at the last the wicked will rise also. Then will be the end of this present state of things. Would we triumph in that solemn and important season, we must now submit to his rule, accept his salvation, and live to his glory. Then shall we rejoice in the completion of his undertaking, that God may receive the whole glory of our salvation, that we may for ever serve him, and enjoy his favour. What shall those do, who are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? Perhaps baptism is used here in a figure, for afflictions, sufferings, and martyrdom, as Mt 20:22, 23. What is, or will become of those who have suffered many and great injuries, and have even lost their lives, for this doctrine of the resurrection, if the dead rise not at all? Whatever the meaning may be, doubtless the apostle's argument was understood by the Corinthians. And it is as plain to us that Christianity would be a foolish profession, if it proposed advantage to themselves by their faithfulness to God; and to have our fruit to holiness, that our end may be everlasting life. But we must not live like beasts, as we do not die like them. It must be ignorance of God that leads any to disbelieve the resurrection and future life. Those who own a God and a providence, and observe how unequal things are in the present life, how frequently the best men fare worst, cannot doubt as to an after-state, where every thing will be set to rights. Let us not be joined with ungodly men; but warn all around us, especially children and young persons, to shun them as a pestilence. Let us awake to righteousness, and not sin.

20-34节

那些都是因为对基督的信心，对基督复活的确信。由于亚当犯了罪，所有的人都终有一死，因为所有人都有从他而来的相同的罪的本性，所以，通过基督的复活，所有信他的人都从他得到属灵的本质，复活并永生。复活是有次序的。基督是初熟的果子；他到来时赎回的子民将比其他人先复活。最后仇敌将复活。接着末期到了。我们若想要在那重大的时节胜利，现在就必须顺服他的管束，接受他的救赎，过着荣耀基督的生活。那么让我们享受基督的救赎，而神得着救恩的荣耀，我们永远服事他，享受他的喜悦。如果死人不复活，那么那些为死人受洗的将会怎样呢？此处洗礼可能是一个象征，代表痛苦、苦难和殉道，如太20:22,23。如果死人不复活，那么那些为基督复活遭受巨大苦难甚至失去生命的人将会怎样？无论是什么意思，毫无疑问，哥林多教会理解了使徒保罗的论证。我们非常清楚，如果靠对上帝的虔诚来获得自己的益处，那么告白信仰基督将是愚蠢的；我们应当结圣洁的果子，获得永生。但是我们不能像野兽一样活着，正如我们不会像它们那样死去。对神的无知，只会导致不信复活和来世。承认上帝和祂的道，注意到现世生活中事情多么不平等，多少好人过的悲惨，毫不怀疑未来的国度，那里的一切都更加美好。不与亵渎神的人为伍；但要告诫我们周围的人，尤其是孩子和年轻人，远离他们。让我们保持警醒，不犯罪。

Verses 35 – 50

1. How are the dead raised up? that is, by what means? How can they be raised? 2. As to the bodies which shall rise. Will it be with the like shape, and form, and stature, and members, and qualities? The former objection is that of those who opposed the doctrine, the latter of curious doubters. To the first the answer is, This was to be brought about by Divine power; that power which all may see does somewhat like it, year after year, in the death and revival of the corn. It is foolish to question the Almighty power of God to raise the dead, when we see it every day quickening and reviving things that are dead. To the second inquiry; The grain undergoes a great change; and so will the dead, when they rise and live again. The seed dies, though a part of it springs into new life, though how it is we cannot fully understand. The works of creation and providence daily teach us to be humble, as well as to admire the Creator's wisdom and goodness. There is a great variety among other bodies, as there is among plants. There is a variety of glory among heavenly bodies. The bodies of the dead, when they rise, will be fitted for the heavenly bodies. The bodies of the dead, when they rise, will be fitted for the heavenly state; and there will be a variety of glories among them. Burying the dead, is like committing seed to the earth, that it may spring out of it again. Nothing is more loathsome than a dead body. But believers shall at the resurrection have bodies, made fit to be for ever united with spirits made perfect. To God all things are possible. He is the Author and Source of spiritual life and holiness, unto all his people, by the supply of his Holy Spirit to the soul; and he will also quicken and change the body by his Spirit. The dead in Christ shall not only rise, but shall rise thus gloriously changed. The bodies of the saints, when they rise again, will be changed. They will be then glorious and spiritual bodies, fitted to the heavenly world and state, where they are ever afterwards to dwell. The human body in its present form, and with its wants and weaknesses, cannot enter or enjoy the kingdom of God. Then let us not sow to the flesh, of which we can only reap corruption. And the body follows the state of the soul. He, therefore, who neglects the life of the soul, casts away his present good; he who refuses to live to God, squanders all he has.

35-50节 1.死人如何复活？即通过什么方式？他们怎么能够复活？2.关于复活的身体。会像现在这样吗？这样的形状、性质属性？前一个异议是那些反对教义的人提出的，后者是好奇的怀疑者提出的。对于第一个问题，答案是这样的，这是神的大能作的；如同所有的人看到的，每年玉米的死亡和复苏。质疑上帝让死人复活是愚蠢的，因为我们每天都能看到已死的事物复苏返青。对第二个质疑：粮食/谷物要经历巨大的改变，死人复活重生也是一样的。种子死了，其中一部分生出新生命，尽管它是怎样成的我们无法完全明白，但是神创造的工作和神的道每天都教导我们谦卑，赞美神的智慧和善良。将会有各种各样的身体，就像植物一样。属天的身体有各种荣耀。死人复活时，他们的身体将适应天国，他们将享有各种荣耀。埋葬死者，如同在地上埋下种子，它又会生出来。没有什么比尸体更让人厌恶。但是信徒在复活时会有完美的属灵身体。在神凡事都能成。他是作者，是属灵生命和圣洁的源泉，为他的子民赐下圣灵；通过圣灵复活并改变他们的体质。基督里的复活不仅仅是复活，还会有荣耀的改变。圣徒的身体，复活时将发生改变。他们将是荣耀的属灵的身体，适应属天的国度——他们此后永远居住的地方。人类现在的身体有欲望，有软弱，不能进入或享受神的国。让我们不顺着只能收割败坏的身体播种，让身体跟随属灵的国度。因此，忽视属灵生命的人，丢掉了他现世最好的礼物；拒绝向神活着的人，浪费了他的所有。

Verses 51 – 58

All the saints should not die, but all would be changed. In the gospel, many truths, before hidden in mystery, are made known. Death never shall appear in the regions to which our Lord will bear his risen saints. Therefore let us seek the full assurance of faith and hope, that in the midst of pain, and in the prospect of death, we may think calmly on the horrors of the tomb; assured that our bodies will there sleep, and in the mean time our souls will be present with the Redeemer. Sin gives death all its hurtful power. The sting of death is sin; but Christ, by dying, has taken out this sting; he has made atonement for sin, he has obtained remission of it. The strength of sin is the law. None can answer its demands, endure its curse, or do away his own transgressions. Hence terror and anguish. And hence death is terrible to the unbelieving and the impenitent. Death may seize a believer, but it cannot hold him in its power. How many springs of joy to the saints, and of thanksgiving to God, are opened by the death and resurrection, the sufferings and conquests of the Redeemer! In verse #(58), we have an exhortation, that believers should be stedfast, firm in the faith of that gospel which the apostle preached, and they received. Also, to be unmovable in their hope and expectation of this great privilege, of being raised incorruptible and immortal. And to abound in the work of the Lord, always doing the Lord's service, and obeying the Lord's commands. May Christ give us faith, and increase our faith, that we may not only be safe, but joyful and triumphant.

51-58节

圣徒不会死亡，但是都会改变。福音中许多隐藏的奥秘都显示出来。在神的国，死亡将永不出现。因此让我们追求对信心和希望的完全的确信，在痛苦中，在通往死亡的路途中，在对坟墓的恐惧中，我们安静地思考；确信我们的身体将在那里睡觉，同时我们的灵魂将和救世主一起出现。罪给了死所有毁灭的力量。死的毒钩就是罪；但是基督，通过死已经战胜了罪；他已经做了赎罪祭，不受罪的辖制。罪的权势是律法。从此恐惧而痛苦。从此对不信的和不知悔改的人，死亡就是可怕的。死亡可以抓住一个信徒，但是它无法扣留他。救世主的受难和得胜，死和复活打开了圣徒喜乐和感谢神的源泉！58节是对我们的劝勉，信徒应该坚定对福音的信心，也就是使徒所传讲的、他们所接受的福音。同样，他们坚守对此的信心和盼望，复活，永不朽坏。在神的工作中，永远服事神，顺服神的命令。愿基督赐给我们信心，增加我们的信心，这样我们不仅平安，而且喜乐得胜。

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