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西敏小要理问答吕沛渊牧师译
引言
问答1 人生的首要目的是什么?
问答1
问:人的主要目的是什么?
What is the chief end of man?
答:人的主要目的,是荣耀神,以祂为乐,直到永远。
诗86:9;赛60:21;罗11:36;林前6:20;林前10:31;启4:11
诗 86:9 主啊!你所造的万民,都要来敬拜你;他们也要荣耀你的名。 赛 60:21 你的居民都成为义人,永远得地为业,是我种的栽子,我手的工作,使我得荣耀。 罗 11:36 因为万有都是本于他,倚靠他,归于他。愿荣耀归给他,直到永远。阿们。 林前 6:20 因为你们是重价买来的,所以要在你们的身子上荣耀 神。 林前 10:31 所以,你们或吃或喝,无论作什么,都要为荣耀 神而行。 启 4:11 “我们的主,我们的 神,你是配得荣耀、尊贵、权柄的,因为你创造了万物,并且万物是因你的旨意被创造而有的。”
问答2 神已经赐下什么准则,指教我们如何荣耀祂,以祂为乐?
问答2
问:神已经赐下什么准则,指教我们如何荣耀祂,以祂为乐?
What rule has God given to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy Him?
答:神的道,记载于新旧约圣经,就是唯一的准则,指教我们如何荣耀祂,以祂为乐。
The Word of God, which is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy Him.
经文: 弗2:20;提后3:16-17;启22:18-19;约壹1:3-4
弗 2:20 并且被建造在使徒和先知的根基上,有基督耶稣自己为房角石;
提后 3:16 圣经都是 神所默示的(或作“凡 神所默示的圣经”),于教训、督责、使人归正、教导人学义都是有益的, 提后 3:17 叫属 神的人得以完全,预备行各样的善事。
约一 1:3 我们将所看见、所听见的,传给你们,使你们与我们相交,我们乃是与父并他儿子耶稣基督相交的。 约一 1:4 我们将这些话写给你们,使你们(有古卷作“我们”)的喜乐充足。
启 22:18 我向一切听见这书上预言的作见证,若有人在这预言上加添什么, 神必将写在这书上的灾祸加在他身上; 启 22:19 这书上的预言,若有人删去什么, 神必从这书上所写的生命树和圣城,删去他的分。
问答3 圣经主要教导的是什么?
问答3
问:圣经主要教导的是什么? What do the Scriptures principally teach? 答:圣经主要教导的是:人对神所当信的真理,神要人所当尽的本分。 The Scriptures principally teach what man is to believe concerning God, and what duty God requires man. 经文:约20:30-31; 徒20:32; 犹20; 提后1:13; 弥6:8; 约14:15,21; 约壹5:3
创1:1;约5:39;罗10:17;提后3:15申10:12-13;书1:8;诗119:105;弥6:8;提后3:16-17
第一部分:我们该信什么 一、神是怎样的神
问答4 何谓“神”
问答4
问:何谓“神”? What is God? 答:“神”是“灵”,祂的本体是无限的、永恒的、不变的,智慧,权能,圣洁,公义,良善,真实。 God is Spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable in his being, wisdom, power, holy, justice, goodness, and truth.
经文:约4:24;伯11:7-9;诗90:2;雅1:17;出3:14;诗147:5;启4:8;启15:4;出34:6-7;玛3:6
问答5 上帝是独一的吗?
问答5
问:神是独一的吗? Are there more Gods than one? 答:神是独一无二的,又真又活的。 There is but one only, the living and true God. 经文:申6:4; 耶10:10; 林前8:4
经文:申6:4;赛44:6;赛45:21-22;林前8:4-6;耶10:10;约17:3;帖前1:9;约一5:20
圣经经文
申 6:4 “以色列啊!你要听,耶和华我们 神是独一的主。
赛 44:6 耶和华以色列的君,以色列的救赎主万军之耶和华如此说:“我是首先的,我是末后的,除我以外再没有真神。
赛 45:21 你们要述说陈明你们的理,让他们彼此商议。谁从古时指明,谁从上古述说,不是我耶和华吗?除了我以外,再没有 神。我是公义的 神,又是救主。除了我以外,再没有别神。
赛 45:22 “地极的人都当仰望我,就必得救;因为我是 神,再没有别神。
耶 10:10 惟耶和华是真 神,是活 神,是永远的王。他一发怒,大地震动;他一恼恨,列国都担当不起。
约 17:3 认识你独一的真 神,并且认识你所差来的耶稣基督;这就是永生。
林前 8:4 论到吃祭偶像之物,我们知道偶像在世上算不得什么;也知道 神只有一位,再没有别的神。
林前 8:5 虽有称为神的,或在天,或在地,就如那许多的神,许多的主;
林前 8:6 然而我们只有一位 神,就是父,万物都本于他,我们也归于他;并有一位主,就是耶稣基督,万物都是藉着他有的,我们也是藉着他有的。
帖前 1:9 因为他们自己已经报明我们是怎样进到你们那里,你们是怎样离弃偶像,归向 神,要服事那又真又活的 神,
约一 5:20 我们也知道 神的儿子已经来到,且将智慧赐给我们,使我们认识那位真实的,我们也在那位真实的里面,就是在他儿子耶稣基督里面。这是真神,也是永生。
问答6 神有几个位格?
问答6
问:神有几位格? How many persons are there in the Godhead? 答:神有三位格;就是圣父,圣子,圣灵;这三位格就是同一真神,同本质,同权同荣。 There are three persons in the Godhead; the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and these three are one God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory. 经文:太28:19; 林后13:14
太3:16-17;太28:19;林后13:14;彼前1:2诗45:6;约1:1;约17:5;徒5:3-4;罗9:5;西2:9;犹1:24-25
太 3:16 耶稣受了洗,随即从水里上来。天忽然为他开了,他就看见 神的灵,仿佛鸽子降下,落在他身上。
太 3:17 从天上有声音说:“这是我的爱子,我所喜悦的。”
太 28:19 所以,你们要去使万民作我的门徒,奉父子圣灵的名,给他们施洗(或作“给他们施洗,归于父子圣灵的名。”)。
约 1:1 太初有道,道与 神同在,道就是 神。
约 17:5 父啊,现在求你使我同你享荣耀,就是未有世界以先,我同你所有的荣耀。
徒 5:3 彼得说:“亚拿尼亚!为什么撒但充满了你的心,叫你欺哄圣灵,把田地的价银私自留下几分呢?
徒 5:4 田地还没有卖,不是你自己的吗?既卖了,价银不是你作主吗?你怎么心里起这意念呢?你不是欺哄人,是欺哄 神了。”
罗 9:5 列祖就是他们的祖宗,按肉体说,基督也是从他们出来的,他是在万有之上,永远可称颂的 神。阿们。
林后 13:14 愿主耶稣基督的恩惠, 神的慈爱,圣灵的感动,常与你们众人同在。
西 2:9 因为 神本性一切的丰盛,都有形有体地居住在基督里面,
彼前 1:2 就是照父 神的先见被拣选,藉着圣灵得成圣洁,以致顺服耶稣基督,又蒙他血所洒的人。愿恩惠、平安多多地加给你们。
犹 1:24 那能保守你们不失脚,叫你们无瑕无疵、欢欢喜喜站在他荣耀之前的我们的救主独一的 神,
犹 1:25 愿荣耀、威严、能力、权柄,因我们的主耶稣基督归与他,从万古以前,并现今,直到永永远远。阿们。
二、神曾作了什么
问答7 神的旨意是什么?
7 问:神的旨意是什么?
答:神的旨意,就是祂永恒的目的,根据祂计画的美意;借此祂预定了一切将要发生的事,为了祂自己的荣耀。
7 Q. What are the decrees of God?
The decrees of God are his eternal purpose, according to the counsel of his will, whereby, for his own glory, he has fore-ordained whatsoever comes to pass.
经文: 弗1:4,11-12;罗11:33-36;赛46:10;伯14:5;箴16:4,33;诗33:11;王上22:34;徒2:23;徒13:48;弗2:8-10;启4:11;弗1:3-6;帖前5:9
问答8 神怎样执行祂的旨意?
问答8 问:神怎样执行祂的旨意? How does God execute His decrees? 答:神以创造与护理之工,来执行祂的旨意。 God executes His decrees in the works of creation and providence. 经文:诗135:5-6; 启4:11; 但4:35
三、创造
问答9 创造之工是什么?
问答9 问:创造之工是什么?
What is the work of creation?
答:创造之工是:神使无变为有,借着祂话语的大能,在六日之内创造万物,并且都甚好。
The work of creation is, God’s making of all things of nothing, by the word of His power, in the space of six days, and all very good.
经文:创1:1,31;约1:1-4;来11:3;诗33:6-9;彼后3:4,8;提前4:4
问答9
Q. 9. What is the work of creation? A. The work of creation is God's making all things of nothing, by the word of his power, in the space of six days, and all very good.
创 1:1 起初 神创造天地。
创 1:31 神看着一切所造的都甚好。有晚上,有早晨,是第六日。
诗 33:6 诸天藉耶和华的命而造,万象藉他口中的气而成。
诗 33:7 他聚集海水如垒,收藏深洋在库房。
诗 33:8 愿全地都敬畏耶和华,愿世上的居民,都惧怕他。
诗 33:9 因为他说有,就有;命立,就立。
约 1:1 太初有道,道与 神同在,道就是 神。
约 1:2 这道太初与 神同在。
约 1:3 万物是藉着他造的;凡被造的,没有一样不是藉着他造的。
约 1:4 生命在他里头,这生命就是人的光。
提前 4:4 凡 神所造的物都是好的,若感谢着领受,就没有一样可弃的;
来 11:3 我们因着信,就知道诸世界是藉 神话造成的;这样,所看见的,并不是从显然之物造出来的。
彼后 3:4 “主要降临的应许在哪里呢?因为从列祖睡了以来,万物与起初创造的时候仍是一样。”
彼后 3:8 亲爱的弟兄啊,有一件事你们不可忘记,就是主看一日如千年,千年如一日。
问答10 神如何创造人?
问题10 问:神如何创造人?
How did God create man?
答:神按照祂自己的形像,造男造女,他们是在知识、仁义、圣洁中被造,受托治理一切受造物。
God created male and female, after His own image, in knowledge, righteousness, and holiness, with dominion over the creatures.
经文:创1:26-28;创2:4-7,21-24;西3:10;弗4:24;创2:15,20;诗36:9;赛30:21;王上8:61
四、护理
问答11 上帝的护理之工是什么?
问答11 问:神的护理之工是什么?
What are God’s works of providence?
答:神的护理之工,就是以祂至极的圣洁、智慧、权能,保护与管理祂所造的万物和他们一切的行动。
God’s works of providence are, his most holy, wise, powerful preserving and governing all his creatures, and all their actions.
经文:诗145:17; 赛28:29; 来1:3; 诗103:19; 太10:29
问答12 当人受造时,神向人施行特别的护理作为,是什么
问答12 问:当人受造时,神向人施行特别的护理作为,是什么?
What special act of providence did God exercise toward man in the estate wherein he was created?
答:当神造人之后,祂与人立了生命的圣约,以完全顺服为条件;禁止人吃那分别善恶树上的果子,以死亡的痛苦为刑罚。
When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.
经文:创2:16-17; 加3:12; 罗10:5; 何6:7; 传7:29; 罗6:23
五、人如何犯罪
问答13 我们的始祖守住起初受造的状况了吗?
问答13 问:我们的始祖持续在他们受造时的状态中吗?
Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?
答:我们的始祖因其自由意志,选择犯罪得罪神,就从当初受造的状态中堕落了。
Our first parents, being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they were created, by sinning against God.
传7:29;创3:6-8,13;林后11:3
问答14 罪是什么?
问答14 问:罪是什么?
What is sin?
答:任何不遵守或违背神的的律法的,就是罪。
Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.
利5:17;罗3:23;约一3:4;雅4:17
问答15 始祖犯了什么罪,就从被造的地位堕落了呢?
问答15 问:我们的始祖犯了什么罪,使他们从当初受造的状态中堕落了?
What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?
答:我们的始祖吃了禁果,使他们从当初受造的状态中堕落了。
The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created, was their eating the forbidden fruit.
经文: 创3:6-8;传7:9;约壹3:4;太4:4;太5:21-22;申10:12-13;诗51:3-4;诗14:1-3;林前2:14;赛64:6;罗1:21-23,25;罗3:23;罗13:8-10;雅2:10-11;罗4:1-3,17
创3:6-8;传7:9;约壹3:4;太4:4;太5:21-22;申10:12-13;诗51:3-4;诗14:1-3;林前2:14;赛64:6;罗1:21-23,25;罗3:23;罗13:8-10;雅2:10-11;罗4:1-3,17
六、人犯罪的结果
问答16 全人类都在亚当初次犯罪中堕落了吗?
问答16 问:全人类都在亚当初次犯罪中堕落了吗?
Did all mankind fall in Adam’s transgression?
答:神与亚当所立的圣约,不单是为亚当自己,也是为了他的后裔;全人类是按常例传宗接代,由亚当而来,都在亚当里犯了罪,在他初次犯罪中与他一同堕落了。
The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him, in his first transgression.
创2:16-17;雅2:10;徒17:26;罗5:12-20;林前15:21-22
问答17 堕落将人类带进什么状态中?
问答17 问:堕落将人类带进什么状态中?
Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?
答:堕落将人类带进罪和悲惨的状态中?
The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.
经文:创1:28; 创3:20; 创2:16-17; 徒17:26; 伯14:4; 创25:4; 罗5:12-21; 创3:9-20,23; 林前15:21-22,45; 诗51:5; 创58:3
问答18 人堕落后所处的有罪状况在于什么?
问答18 问:人堕落至罪恶状态中,其罪恶在于什么?
Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?
答:人堕落至罪恶状态中,其罪恶在于:亚当初次犯罪的罪咎,起初仁义的丧失,人性全然的败坏(通常称为“原罪”),还有人本身从罪性而发出的一切过犯。
The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam’s first sin, the want of original righteousness, and the corruption of his whole nature, which is commonly called Original Sin, together with all actual transgressions which proceeds from it.
经文:罗5:19;罗3:10;弗2:1;诗51:5;诗58:3;创6:5;创8:21;代下6:36;太15:19-20;耶13:23;耶17:9
问答19 人堕落后所带来的愁苦是什么?
问答19 问:人堕落至悲惨状态中,其悲惨是什么?
What is the misery of that estate whereinto man fell?
答:全人类由于堕落,丧失了与神的交通,落在祂的震怒与咒诅之下,所以,应受今生的一切愁苦、死亡、地狱永远的痛苦。
All mankind by their fall lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse, and so made liable to all miseries in this life, to death itself, and to the pains of hell for ever.
经文:创3:8,24;诗90:1-11;传1:2;罗8:22;罗1:18;弗2:1-3;加3:10;哀3:39;罗6:23;太25:41
七、救恩
问答20 神是否任凭所有人类都在罪恶悲惨状况中灭亡?
问答20 神是否任凭所有人类都在罪恶悲惨状况中灭亡?
Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?
神根据他自己美善旨意所喜悦的,在万古之先,拣选了一些人得永生,就设立了恩典之约,要藉著一位救赎主,拯救他们脱离罪恶与愁苦,进入救恩的状况。
God having, out of His mere good pleasure, from all eternity, elected some to everlasting life, did enter into a covenant of grace, to deliver them out of the estate of sin and misery, and to bring them into an estate of salvation, by a Redeemer. 经文:约15:15; 弗1:4-5; 罗3:21-22; 6:23; 8:28-30,33; 9:11; 帖前1:4; 帖后2:13; 提后1:9; 彼前1:2; 2:9
约15:15; 弗1:4-5; 罗3:21-22; 罗6:23;罗 8:28-30,33; 罗9:11; 帖前1:4; 帖后2:13; 提后1:9; 彼前1:2;彼前 2:9
问答21 谁是上帝选民的救赎主?
问答21 问:神选民的救赎主是谁?
Who is the Redeemer of God’s elect?
答:神选民的唯一救赎主是主耶稣基督,祂从永远就是神的儿子,降世为人,此后具有可区分的神人二性,是一位格,直到永远。
The only Redeemer of God’s elect id the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man, and so was, and continues to be, God and man in two distinct natures, and one person, for ever.
经文:提前2:5; 3:16; 约1:1-4,14,18; 20:28; 徒20:28; 罗9:5; 林前2:8; 腓2:6; 多2:13; 来1:8; 7:24; 约壹5:20
提前2:5;提前3:16;约1:1-4,14,18;约20:28;徒20:28;罗9:5;林前2:8;腓2:6;多2:13;来1:8;来7:24;约壹5:20
问答22 基督既是上帝之子,是怎样成为人的?
问答22 问:基督是神的儿子,祂是如何成为人?
How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?
答:神的儿子基督成为人,乃是自己取了真实的身体与理性的灵魂,借着圣灵的能力,在童贞女马利亚的腹中受孕,为她所生,但是没有罪。
Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and born of her, yet without sin.
经文:来2:14; 太1:20-23; 26:38; 路1:31; 加4:4; 来4:15; 7:26; 林后5:21
来2:14;太1:20-23;太26:38;路1:31;加4:4;来4:15;来7:26;林后5:21
八、基督的拯救工作
问答23 基督作我们的救赎主,所执行的职分是什么?
问答23 问:基督作我们的救赎主,所执行的职分是什么?
What offices does Christ execute as our Redeemer?
答:基督作为我们的救赎主,在降卑与升高的境况中,执行先知、祭司、君王的职分。
Christ, as our Redeemer, executes the offices of a prophet, of a priest, and of a king, both in His estate of humiliation and exaltation.
经文:徒3:22; 申18:15-20; 来5:6; 撒上2:35; 诗2:6; 撒下7:12-16; 诗110
问答24 基督如何执行先知的职分?
问答24 问:基督如何执行先知的职分?
How does Christ execute the office of a prophet?
答:基督执行先知的职分,在于借着祂的道与圣灵,将神的旨意启示我们,为要叫我们得救。
Christ executes the office of a prophet in revealing to us, by His Word and Spirit, the will of God for our salvation.
经文:林前2:13;约1:18;约20:31;约14:26;提后3:15
问答25 基督怎样执行祭司的职分?
问答25 问:基督如何执行祭司的职分?
How does Christ execute the office of a priest?
答:基督执行祭司的职分,在于将祂自己一次献上为祭,以满足神的公义,使我们与神和好,并且又不断为我们代求。
Christ executes the office of a priest, in His once offering up of Himself a sacrifice, to satisfy divine justice, and reconcile us to God, and in making continual intercession for us.
经文:来9:28; 8:1; 2:17: 7:25; 罗8:34
问答26 基督如何执行君王的职分?
问答26 问:基督如何执行君王的职分?
How does Christ execute the office of a king?
答:基督执行君王的职分,在于使我们降服归向祂,治理保护我们,并且克制得胜祂与我们的一切仇敌。
Christ executes the office of a king, in subduing us to Himself, in ruling and defending us, and in restraining and conquering all His and our enemies.
经文:诗2:6; 110:3; 132:11; 赛9:6-7; 33:22; 32:1-2; 林前15:25; 罗8:31-39; 弗1:20-23; 启17:14; 19:11-16
问答27 基督的降卑在于哪些方面?
问答27 问:基督的降卑在于哪些方面?
Wherein did Christ’s humiliation consist?
答:基督的降卑在于降生为人,卑微的生在律法之下,忍受今世的苦难、神的震怒、受咒诅死于十架;又被埋葬,暂时服在死权之下。
Christ’s humiliation consisted in his being born, and that in a low condition, made under the law, undergoing the miseries of this life, the wrath of God,, and the cursed death of the cross; in being buried, and continuing the power of death for a time.
经文:路2:7; 加4:4; 赛53:3; 太27:46; 腓2:8; 林前15:4
问答28 基督的升高在于哪些方面
问答28 问:基督的升高在于哪些方面?
Wherein consists Christ’s exaltation?
答:基督的升高在于他第三日从死里复活,升入高天,坐在父神的右边,并在末日来审判世界。
Christ’s exaltation consists in his rising again from the dead on the third day, in ascending up into heaven, in sitting at the right hand of God the Father, and in coming to judge the world at the last day.
经文:林前15:4; 可16:19; 徒17:31
九、圣灵的拯救工作
问答29 我们如何领受基督所成就的救赎?
问答29 问:我们如何领受基督所成就的救赎?
How are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?
答:我们领受基督所成就的救赎,是借着祂的圣灵,将救恩有效的实施在我们身上。
We are made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ, by the effectual application of it to us by his Holy Spirit.
经文:约1:12; 多3:5-6; 林前2:9-10; 罗8:28-30; 来2:10-18; 弗1:3-14, 18-19; 4:30
问答30 圣灵如何将基督买赎的救恩,实施在我们身上?
问答30 问:圣灵如何将基督买赎的救恩,实施在我们身上?
How does the Spirit apply to us the redemption purchased by Christ?
答:圣灵将基督买赎的救恩,实施在我们身上,是借着祂在我们心里作成的信心,并且因之连结我们归属基督,这是在临到我们的有效恩召中发生的。
The Spirit applies to us the redemption purchased by Christ, by working faith in us, and thereby uniting us to Christ in our effectual calling.
经文:约3:1-8; 5:25; 11:41-44; 6:63; 弗2:8-10; 林前1:9; 赛55:10-11
问答31 什么是有效的恩召?
问答31 问:“有效的恩召”是什么?
What is effectual calling?
答:有效恩召是神的灵所作的工,使我们觉悟自己的罪恶与苦况,光照我们的心认识基督,并且祂借着更新我们的意志,劝服我们,使我们能接受在福音里白白赐给我们的耶稣基督。
Effectual calling is the work of God’s Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he does persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered in the gospel.
经文:提后1:9; 徒2:37; 26:18; 结36:26; 约6:44-45
十、救恩在今世的益处
问答32 蒙了有效恩召的人,在今生所领受的益处有哪些?
问答32 问:蒙了有效恩召的人,在今生所领受的益处有哪些?
What benefits do they that are effectually called partake of in this life?
答:蒙了有效恩召的人,的确在今生领受称义,儿女名分,成圣,以及其他在今生与之俱来或随之而来的福分。
They that are effectually called do in this life partake of justification, adoption, and sanctification, and several benefits which in this life do either accompany or flow from them.
经文:罗8:30; 弗1:5; 林前1:30
问答33 称义是什么?
问答33 问:称义是什么?
What is justification?
答:“称义”是神白白恩典的行动,在其中神赦免我们一切的罪恶,接纳我们在祂面前为义人,这唯独因为基督的义归算给我们,而我们只是凭信心接受而已。
Justification is an act of God’s free grace, wherein he pardons all our sins, and accepts us as righteous in his sight, only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone.
经文:弗1:7; 林后5:21; 罗5:19; 加2:16
问答34 “得儿女名分”是什么?
问答34 问:“得儿女名分”是什么?
What is adoption?
答:“得儿女名分”是神白白恩典的行动,借此我们被收纳为神家的人,使得我们有权享受神儿女的一切特别权益。
Adoption is an act of God’s free grace, whereby we are received into the number, and have a right to all the privileges of the sons of God.
经文:约壹3:1-4;约1:12-13; 罗8:15-17;加4:4-7;弗1:4-7;何1:9-10;2:23;罗8:28-30;彼前1:3-4;来12:6-11
问答35 成圣是什么?
问答35 问:“成为圣洁”是什么?
What is sanctification?
答:“成为圣洁”是神白白恩典的工作,借此我们全人被更新,恢复神的形像;并且使我们得能力,愈来愈向罪死,向义而活。
Sanctification is the work of God’s free grace, where by we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God, and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness.
经文:帖后2:13;弗4:24; 罗4:4-6; 8:1
问答36 我们今生从称义、得儿子的名分和成圣得到什么益处呢?
问答36 问:“称义,得儿女名分,成圣”在今生与之俱来或随之而来的恩福,有哪些?
What are the benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification?
答:“称义,得儿女名分,成圣”在今生与之俱来或随之而来的恩福,就是确信神的爱,良心的平安,在圣灵中的喜乐,恩上加恩,蒙保守恒忍到底。
The benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification, are, assurance of God’s love, peace of conscience, joy in the Holy Ghost, increase of grace, and perseverance therein to the end.
经文:罗5:1,2,5; 箴言4:18; 彼后1:10约壹5:11-13
十一、救恩在死后的益处
问答37 信徒离世时,从基督得着什么益处?
问答37 问:信徒离世时,从基督得着什么益处?
What benefits do believers receive from Christ at death?
答:信徒离世时,他们的灵魂就得以完全成圣,立即进入荣耀里;他们的身体仍然与基督联合,就安歇在坟墓里,直到复活的时候。
The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness, and do immediately pass into glory; at their bodies, being still united to Christ, do rest in their graves till the resurrection.
经文:来12:23; 腓1:23; 帖前4:14; 赛57:2; 伯19:26; 林后5:1-10
问答38 信徒复活时,从基督得着什么益处?
问答38 问:信徒复活时,从基督得着什么益处?
What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?
答:在复活之时,信徒在荣耀中复起,并在审判日当众被主承认与宣告无罪,完全得着一切恩福,全然以神为乐,直到永远。
At the resurrection, believers being raised up in glory, shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the day of judgment, and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoyment of God to full eternity.
经文:约5:28-29;林前15:43;太10:32;约壹3:2;帖前4:17
第二部分:我们该作什么 一、道德律
问答39 神所要人尽的本分是什么?
Q. 39. What is the duty which God requireth of man? A. The duty which God requireth of man is obedience to his revealed will.
问答39
问:神所要人尽的本分是什么?
答:神要人尽的本分,就是顺从祂所启示的旨意。
经文:弥6:8
问答40 神起初启示给人,要人顺从的法则是什么?
Q. 40. What did God at first reveal to man for the rule of his obedience? A. The rule which God at first revealed to man for his obedience was the moral law.
问答40 问:神起初启示给人,要人顺从的法则是什么?
答:神起初启示给人,要人顺从的法则,就是道德律。
经文:罗2:14-15
问答41 道德律集中体现在什么里面?
Q. 41. Where is the moral law summarily comprehended? A. The moral law is summarily comprehended in the ten commandments.
问答41 问:道德律是总括在什么里面?
答:道德律是总括在十诫里面。
申10:4; 太19:17; 出31:18
问答42 十诫的总纲的是什么?
问答42 问:十诫的总纲的是什么?
What is the sum of the ten commandments?
答:十诫的总纲,就是要尽心,尽性,尽意,尽力爱主我们的上帝,并且爱邻舍如同自己。
The sum of the ten commandments is, To Love the Lord our God with all our heart, with all our soul, with all our strength, and with all our mind; and our neighbors as ourselves.
经文:太22:37-40
问答43 十诫的序言是什么?
Q. 43. What is the preface to the ten commandments? A. The preface to the ten commandments is in these words, I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
问答43
问:十诫的序言说什么?
答:十诫的序言如此说:“我是耶和华你的神, 曾将你从埃及地为奴之家领出来。”
问答44 十诫的序言教导我们什么?
问答44 问:十诫的序言教导我们什么?
What does the preface to the ten commandments teach us?
答:十诫的序言教导我们:因为耶和华是主,是我们的神,是我们的救赎主,所以我们应当遵守祂的诫命。
The preface to the ten commandments teaches us, That because God is the Lord, and our God, and Redeemer, therefore we are bound to keep all His commandments.
经文:申11:1;路1:74-75;彼前1:15-18
第一诫
问答45 第一条诫是什么?
问答45 问:第一诫命是什么?
Which is the first commandment?
答:第一诫命是:“除了我以外,你不可有别的神。”
The first commandment is, You shall have no other gods before me.
经文:出20:3
问答46 第一诫命吩咐我们作什么?
问答46 问:第一诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the first commandment?
答:第一诫命吩咐我们认识神,并且承认祂是独一的神,是我们的神,因此我们当敬拜与荣耀祂。
The first commandment requires us to know and acknowledge God to be the only God, and our God; and to worship and glorify him accordingly.
经文:代上28:9; 申26:17; 太4:10
问答47 第一条诫禁止我们作什么?
问答47 问:第一诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the first commandment?
答:第一诫命禁止我们否认或不敬拜荣耀真神为神,为我们的神;也禁止我们将那唯独当归与神的荣耀,归于任何受造之物。
The first commandment forbids the denying, or not worshipping and glorifying the true God as God, and our God; and the giving of that worship and glory to any other, which is due to him alone.
经文:诗14.1;罗1.20-21;诗81.11;罗1.25
问答48 第一条诫命中“在我面前”一语特别教训我们什么?
问答48 问:第一诫命中的“除了我以外”此话,特别要教导我们什么?
What are we specially taught by these words Before me in the first commandment?
答:第一诫命中“除了我以外”(或作“在我面前”)这话教导我们:鉴察万物的神,理会并憎恶我们另有别神的罪。
These words before me in the first commandment teach us, That God, who sees all things, takes notice of, and is much displeased with, the sin of having any other God.
经文:诗44.20-21;来4.13;申32.16
三、第二诫
问答49 第二诫命是什么?
问答49 问:第二诫命是什么?
Which is the second commandment?
答:第一诫命是:“不可为自己雕刻偶像,也不可作什么形像仿佛上天,下地,和地底下,水中的百物。不可跪拜那些像,也不可事奉它,因为我耶和华你的神,是忌邪的神。恨我得,我必追讨他的罪,自父及子,直到三四代;爱我守我诫命的,我必向他们发慈爱,直到千代。”(出20:4-6)
The second commandment is, You shall not make unto you any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down yourself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandment.
问答50 第二条诫命吩咐什么?
问答50 问:第二诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the second commandment?
答:第二诫命吩咐我们领受与遵行神在圣经中所定规的,一切有关敬虔的崇拜与律例,并纯然与全然的遵守之。
The second commandment requires the receiving, observing, and keeping pure and entire, all such religious worship and ordinances as God has appointed in his Word.
经文:申32:46;太28:20;申12:32
问答51 第二条诫命禁止什么?
问答51 问:第二诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the second commandment?
答:第二诫命禁止我们用形像来敬拜神,或用圣经所没有指定的任何方法敬拜祂。
The second commandment forbids the worshipping of God by images, or any other way not appointed in His Word.
经文:申4:15-16;12:32;西2:18
问答52 第二条诫命所附加的理由是什么?
问答52 问:第二诫命附加的理由依据有哪些?
What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment?
答:第二诫命所附加的理由依据是:神在我们身上拥有主权,我们属于祂,祂的热心必掌管属祂的敬拜。
The reasons annexed to the second commandment are, God’s sovereignty over us, His propriety in us, and His zeal He has to His own worship.
经文:诗95:2-3;45:11;出34:14
四、第三诫
问答53 第三诫命是什么?
问答53 问:第三诫命是什么?
Which is the third commandment?
答:第三诫命是“不可妄称耶和华你神的名,因为妄称耶和华名的,耶和华必不以他为无罪”。
The third commandment is, Thou shall not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that takes his name in vain.
经文:出20:7
问答54 第三条诫命吩咐什么?
问答54 问:第三诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the third commandment?
答:第三诫命吩咐我们:当存圣洁敬畏的心,来称呼神的名字,称号,属性,法则,圣道,与工作。
The third commandment requires the holy and reverent use of God’s names, titles, attributes, ordinances, Word, and works.
经文:诗29:2;68:4;启15:3-4;传5:1;诗138:2;伯36:24
问答55 第三条诫命禁止什么?
问答55 问:第三诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the third commandment?
答:第三诫命禁止我们亵渎与妄用,凡神藉以彰显自己的任何事物。
The third commandment forbids all profaning and abusing of any thing wherby God makes himself known.
经文:利19.12;赛5.12;玛2.2;太5.33-37;雅5.12
问答56 第三诫命举出的理由是什么?
问答56 问:第三诫命举出的理由是什么?
What is the reason annexed to the third commandment?
答:第三诫命举出的理由是:虽然违犯此诫命的人,可能逃避从人的刑罚,但是主耶和华我们的神,必不容让他们逃脱祂公义的审判。
The reason annexed to the third commandment is, That however the breakers of this commandment escape punishment from men, yet the Lord our God will not suffer them to escape his righteous judgment.
经文:申28.58-59;撒上3.13;4.14
五、第四诫
问答57 第四诫命是什么?
问答57 问:第四诫命是什么?
Which is the fourth commandment?
答:第四诫命是:“当记念安息日,守为圣日。六日要劳碌作你一切的工,但第七日是向耶和华你神当守的安息日。这一日你和你的儿女,仆婢,牲畜并你城里寄居的客旅,无论何工都不可作,因为六日之内,耶和华造天地海和其中的万物,第七日便安息,所以,耶和华赐福与安息日,定为圣日。”
The fourth commandment is, Remember the Sabbath-day, to keep it holy. Six days shall you labour, and do all your work; but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord your God: in it you shall not do any work, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, your man-servant, nor your maid-servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger that is within your gates. For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath-day and hallowed it.
经文:出20:8-11;申5:12-15
问答58 第四条诫命吩咐什么?
问答58 问:第四诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the fourth commandment?
答:第四诫命吩咐我们:将神在圣道中所如此定规的时间,向祂谨守为圣;特别是七日中的一整日,向祂守为圣安息日。
The fourth commandment requires the keeping holy to God such set times as he has appointed in his Word; expressively in one whole day in seven, to be a holy Sabbath to himself.
经文:出31:13,16-17;利19:30;申5:12;赛56:2-7
问答59 上帝指定七日的哪一日为安息日
问答59
问:神指定七日的哪一日,为每周的安息日?
Which day of the seven has God appointed to be the weekly Sabbath?
答:从世界的起始至基督复活,神指定七日的第七日,为每周的安息日;从基督复活起,至世界的末了,则是七日的第一日,就是基督徒的安息日。
From the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, God appointed the seventh day of the week to be the weekly Sabbath; and the first day of the week ever since, to the end of the world, which is the Christian Sabbath.
经文:创2.3;出20.11;路23.56;可2.27-28;约20.19-26;徒20.7;林前16.1-2;来4.9;启1.10
创 2:3 神赐福给第七日,定为圣日,因为在这日 神歇了他一切创造的工,就安息了。
出 20:11 因为六日之内,耶和华造天、地、海,和其中的万物,第七日便安息,所以耶和华赐福与安息日,定为圣日。
路 23:56 她们就回去,预备了香料香膏。她们在安息日,便遵着诫命安息了。
约 20:19 那日(就是七日的第一日)晚上,门徒所在的地方,因怕犹太人,门都关了。耶稣来站在当中,对他们说:“愿你们平安。”
约 20:20 说了这话,就把手和肋旁指给他们看。门徒看见主,就喜乐了。
约 20:21 耶稣又对他们说:“愿你们平安。父怎样差遣了我,我也照样差遣你们。”
约 20:22 说了这话,就向他们吹一口气,说:“你们受圣灵。
约 20:23 你们赦免谁的罪,谁的罪就赦免了;你们留下谁的罪,谁的罪就留下了。”
约 20:24 那十二个门徒中,有称为低土马的多马;耶稣来的时候,他没有和他们同在。
约 20:25 那些门徒就对他说:“我们已经看见主了。”多马却说:“我非看见他手上的钉痕,用指头探入那钉痕,又用手探入他的肋旁,我总不信。”
约 20:26 过了八日,门徒又在屋里,多马也和他们同在,门都关了。耶稣来站在当中说:“愿你们平安;”
徒 20:7 七日的第一日,我们聚会掰饼的时候,保罗因为要次日起行,就与他们讲论,直讲到半夜。
林前 16:1 论到为圣徒捐钱,我从前怎样吩咐加拉太的众教会,你们也当怎样行。
林前 16:2 每逢七日的第一日,各人要照自己的进项抽出来留着,免得我来的时候现凑。
启 1:10 当主日我被圣灵感动,听见在我后面有大声音如吹号,说:
问答60 如何遵守安息日为圣?
问答60 问:如何遵守安息日为圣?
How is the Sabbath to be sanctified?
答:遵守安息日为圣,乃是在当日整天都有圣洁的安息,连其他六日中合乎神律法的世务工作与娱乐,也不可作;除了必须的与怜悯的事之外,要将全部时间用来在公众与私下敬拜神。
The Sabbath is to be sanctified by a holy resting all that day, even from such worldly employments and recreations as are lawful on other days; and spending the whole time in the public and private exercises of God’s worship, except so much as is to be taken up in the works of necessity and mercy.
经文:出16.25-29;20.10;利23.3;尼13.15-22;赛58.13-14;耶17..21-22;利23.3;诗92.1-2;路4.16;徒20.7;太12.11-13
问答61 第四条诫命禁止什么?
问答61 问:第四诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the fourth commandment?
答:第四诫命禁止我们:忽略或不留心守安息当尽的本分,以闲懒或作犯罪的事,或以不必要的思想言语行为,从事我们世俗的工作或娱乐,亵渎了此日。
The fourth commandment forbids the omission or careless performance of the duties required, and the profaning the day by idleness, or doing that which is in itself sinful, or by unnecessary thoughts, words, or works, about our worldly employments and recreations.
经文:结22.26;23.38;玛1.13;摩8.5;;赛58.13-14;耶17.24-27
问答62 第四诫命所举出的理由根据是什么?
问答62 问:第四诫命所举出的理由根据是什么?
What are the reasons annexed to the fourth commandment?
答:第四诫命举出的理由是:神允许我们每周以六日,作我们自己的工,祂要我们特别尊重第七日为祂自己的日子,祂自己守安息的榜样,以及祂赐福与安息日。
The reasons are annexed to the fourth commandment are, God’s allowing us the six days of the week for our own employments, his challenging a special propriety in the seventh, his own example, and his blessing of the Sabbath-day.
经文:出20.9;31.15-16;利23.3;出31.17;创2.3
六、第五诫
问答63 第五诫命是什么
问答63 问:第五诫命是什么?
Which is the fifth commandment?
答:第五诫命是:“当孝敬父母,使你的日子在耶和华你神所赐你的地上,得以长 长久”。
出20.12;申5.16
The fifth commandment is, honour your father and your mother; that your days may be long upon the land which the Lord your God gives you.
问答64 第五条诫命吩咐什么?
问答64 问:第五诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the fifth commandment?
答:第五诫命吩咐我们:保守各人的名誉,克尽各人的职责,总要按照各人在其所处地位与关系中,无论是对长辈,对晚辈,或平辈。
The fifth commandment requires the preserving the honour, and performing the duties, belonging to every one in their several places and relations, as superiors, inferiors, or equals.
经文:罗13.1-7;12.10;弗5.21;6.1-5;彼前2.17
问答65 第五条诫命禁止什么?
问答65 问:第五诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the fifth commandment?
答:第五诫命禁止我们:忽视或侵犯各人在其地位与关系中的名誉或职责。
The fifth commandment forbids the neglecting of, or doing anything against, the honour and duty which belongs to every one in their several places and relations.
经文:太15.4-6;罗13.7-8
问答66 第五条诫命所附加的理由是什么?
问答66 问:第五诫命所举出的理由根据是什么?
What is the reason annexed to the fifth commandment?
答:第五诫命所举出的理由是:神应许凡遵守此诫命的人,在世长寿与昌盛(只要能荣耀神与使他们得益处)。
The reason annexed to the fifth commandment, is a promise of long life and prosperity [as far as it shall serve for god’s glory and their own good] to all such as keep this commandment.
经文:出20.12;申5.6;弗6.2-3
七、第六诫
问答67 第六条诫命是什么?
问答67 问:第六诫命是什么?
Which is the sixth commandment?
答:第六诫命是:“不可杀人”。
The sixth commandment is, You shall not kill.
经文:出20:13;申5:17
问答68 第六条诫命吩咐什么?
问答68 问:第六诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the sixth commandment?
答:第六诫命吩咐我们:要竭尽全力依法来保守自己的生命,以及他人的生命。
The sixth commandment requires all lawful endeavous to preserve our own life, and the life of others.
经文:弗5:28-29;诗82:3-4;伯29:13;王上18:4
问答69 第六条诫禁止什么?
问答69 问:第六诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the sixth commandment?
答:第六诫命禁止我们:夺去我们自己的生命,或以不义手段夺取他人的生命,或有任何这种倾向。
The sixth commandment forbids the taking away of our own life, or the life of our neighbour unjustly, or whatsoever tends thereunto.
经文:徒16:28;创9:6;箴24:11-12;太5:22;约壹1:15;加5:1-15;出21:18-32
八、第七诫
问答70 第七诫命是什么?
问答70 问:第七诫命是什么?
What is the seventh commandment?
答:第七诫命是:“不可奸淫”。
The seventh commandment is, Thou shall not commit adultery.
经文:出20:14;申5:18
问答71 第七条诫命吩咐什么?
问答71 问:第七诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the seventh commandment?
答:第七诫命吩咐我们:无论存心,说话,和行事,都要保守自己与他人的贞洁。
The seventh commandment requires the preservation of our own and our neighbor’s chastity, in heart, speech, and behavior.
经文:太5:28;提后2:22;弗4:29;西4:6;彼前3:2;帖前4:3-5;林前7:2-3,5;弗5:11-12
问答72 第七条诫命禁止什么?
问答72 问:第七诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the seventh commandment?
答:第七诫命禁止我们:有一切不纯洁的意念,言语,和行为。
The seventh commandment forbids all unchaste thought, words and actions.
经文:箴4:23;太5:28;弗5:3-4
九、第八诫
问答73 第八条诫命是什么?
Q. 73. Which is the eighth commandment? A. The eighth commandment is, Thou shalt not steal.
73问︰第八诫命是什么?
答︰第八诫命是︰“不可偷盗”。
经文:不可偷盗。(出廿15)
问答74 第八诫命吩咐什么
Q. 74. What is required in the eighth commandment? A. The eighth commandment requireth the lawful procuring and furthering the wealth and outward estate of ourselves and others.
74问︰第八诫命吩咐我们作什么?
答︰第八诫命吩咐我们:以合乎神律法的方式,来获得、增加自己和别人的财富及产业。
经文:1.你的弟兄在你那里若渐渐贫穷,手中缺乏,你就要帮补他。(利廿五35)
2.你要详细知道你羊群的景况,留心料理你的牛群。(箴廿七23)
3.众人以为美的事,要留心去作。(罗十二17)
4.从前偷窃的,不要再偷;总要劳力,亲手做正经事,就可有余分给那缺少的人。(弗四28)
问答75 第八条诫命禁止什么?
Q. 75. What is forbidden in the eighth commandment? A. The eighth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever doth or may unjustly hinder our own or our neighbor's wealth or outward estate.
75问︰第八诫命禁止我们作什么?
答︰第八诫命禁止我们:以任何不义手段,实际地或可能地,减损自己或他人的财富或产业。
经文:1.他欺压穷人,且又离弃;强取非自己所盖的房屋。他因贪而无厌,所喜悦的,连一样
也不能保守。(伯廿19)
2.用诡诈之舌求财的,就是自己取死;所得之财,乃是吹来吹去的浮云。(箴廿一6)
3.耕种自己田地的,必得饱食;追随虚浮的,足受穷乏。(箴廿八19-20)
4.我凡事给你们作榜样,叫你们知道应当这样劳苦,扶助软弱的人,又当记念主耶稣的话,说
:‘施比受更为有福。’(徒二十35)
5人若不看顾亲属,就是背了真道,比不信的人还不好,不看顾自己家里的人,更是如此。(
提前五8)
十、第九诫
问答76 第九诫命是什么?
问答76 问:第九诫命是什么?
Which is the ninth commandment?
答:第九诫命是:“不可作假见证陷害人”。
The ninth commandment is, You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
经文:出20:16;申5:20
问答77 第九条诫命吩咐什么?
问答77 问:第九诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the ninth commandment?
答:第九诫命吩咐我们:人与人相处总要真诚,持守真理;保守自己与邻舍的名誉;若作见证,更当如此。
The ninth commandment requires the maintaining and promoting the truth between man and man, and of our own and our neighbor’s good name, especially in witness-bearing.
经文:亚8:16;彼前3:16;徒25:10;约参12;箴14:5,25
问答78 第九条诫命禁止什么?
问答78 问:第九诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the ninth commandment?
答:第九诫命禁止我们:作一切不合真理,损害自己或邻舍名誉的事。
The ninth commandment forbids whatsoever is prejudicial to truth, or injurious to our own and our neighbor’s good name.
经文:箴19:5;6:16-19;利19:16;罗3:13;伯27:5;诗15:3;路3:14
十一、第十诫
问答79 第十诫命是什么?
问答79 问:第十诫命是什么?
Which is the tenth commandment?
答:第十诫命是:“不可贪恋人的房屋,也不可贪恋人的妻子,牛驴,仆婢,并他一切所有的”。
The tenth commandment is, You shall not covet your neighbor’s house, you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid; servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is your neighbor’s.
经文:出20:17;申5;21
问答80 第十条诫命吩咐什么?
问答80 问:第十诫命吩咐我们作什么?
What is required in the tenth commandment?
答:第十诫命吩咐我们:要对自己的景况全然知足,以正直仁爱的心灵,对待我们的邻舍,并他一切所有的。
The tenth commandment requires full contentment with our own condition, with a right and charitable frame of spirit toward our neighbor, and all that is his.
经文:诗34:1;腓2;4:11;提前6:6;来13:5;罗12:15;林前13:4-6
问答81 第十条诫命禁止什么?
问答81 问:第十诫命禁止我们作什么?
What is forbidden in the tenth commandment?
答:第十诫命禁止我们:对自己的景况不满足,对邻舍的福益嫉妒或心怀不平,对他人一切所有的,有非分之想或行为
The tenth commandment forbids all discontentment with our own estate, envying or grieving the good of our neighbor, and all inordinate motions and affections to anything that is his.
经文:林前10:10;加5:26;西3;5;雅3:14-16;路12:15;彼前2:1
十二、律法的刑罚
问答82 人能完全遵守上帝的诫命吗?
问答82 问:有人能完全遵守神的诫命?
Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments of God?
答:自从人类堕落以来,没有人能在今生完全遵守神的诫命,反而在思想,言语,行为上,天天违背神的诫命。
No mere man since the fall is able in this life perfectly to keep the commandments of God, but does daily break them in thoughts, words, and deed.
经文:传7.20;创8.21;雅3.8;3.2;王上8.46;罗3.9,23;约壹1.8-10
问答83 一切违反上帝律法的罪都是同等可憎的吗?
问答83 问:违背律法的罪过,都是同样邪恶么?
Are all transgressions of the law equally heinous?
答:有些罪过因其本身,或因情节加重,在神眼中比其他罪过更加邪恶。
Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than others.
经文:约19.11;约壹5.16-17;结8:6,13,15;诗19.13;太11.20-24
问答84 每个罪该受什么处罚?
问答84 问:每一个罪所当受的刑罚是什么?
What does every sin deserve?
答:每一个罪,在今世与来生,都当遭受神的震怒与咒诅。
Every sin does deserve God’s wrath and curse, both in this life, and that which is to come.
经文:加3.10;太25.41;弗5.6;雅2.10
十三、得救之法
问答85 为要逃脱因罪当受神的义怒和咒诅,神吩咐我们作什么?
问答85问:为要逃避我们因罪而当受的震怒与刑罚,神吩咐我们当作什么?
What does God require of us, that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us for sin?
答:为要我们逃避因罪而当受的震怒与刑罚,神吩咐我们当信耶稣基督,悔改得生命,并且殷勤使用一切外在的施恩媒介,就是基督藉以传达救赎恩福给我们的媒介。
To escape the wrath and curse of God due to us for sin, God requires of us faith in Jesus Christ, repentance unto life, with the diligent use of all the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of redemption.
经文:可1.15; 约3.18; 徒20.21; 箴2.1-5; 彼后1.10; 徒2.38; 林前11.24-25; 西3.16
问答86 什么是“相信耶稣基督”
问答86问:什么是“相信耶稣基督”?
What is faith in Jesus Christ?
答:“相信耶稣基督”乃是拯救之恩,借此我们按照福音所见证的基督,接受祂并唯独倚靠祂而得救恩。
Faith in Jesus Christ is a saving grace, whereby we receive and rest upon him alone for salvation, as he is offered to us in the gospel.
问答87 什么是“悔改得生命”
问答87问:什么是“悔改得生命”?
What is repentance unto life?
答:“悔改得生命”是拯救之恩,借此罪人真正觉悟己罪,领悟神在基督里的怜悯,就忧伤恨恶己罪,转离罪恶归向神,并全心全意竭力顺从神。
Repentance unto life is a saving grace, whereby a sinner, out of a true sense of his sin, and apprehension of the mercy of God in Christ, does, with grief and hatred of his sin, turn from it to God, with full purpose of, and endeavour after, new obedience.
经文:徒11.18; 提后2.25; 诗51.1-4; 珥2.13; 路15.7,10; 徒2.37; 耶31.18-19; 路1.16-17; 帖前1.9; 结36.31; 代下7.14; 诗119.57-64; 太3.8; 林后7.11
问答88 基督设立什么外部的蒙恩之法,好叫救赎的益处归于我们
问答88问:基督藉哪些外在的媒介,将救赎恩福传达给我们?
What are the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of redemption?
答:基督藉以将救赎恩福传达给我们的外在与通常媒介,是祂的赐恩之道,特别是圣道,圣礼,祷告;这些都有效的实施在选民身上,使他们得救。
The outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of redemption, are his ordinances, especially the Word, sacraments, and prayer; all which are made effective to the elect for salvation.
经文:太28:19-20;徒2:41-42;林前3:6;彼后1:3-11;犹20
十四、圣经是蒙恩的凭藉
问答89 圣道怎样产生果效,使人得救?
问答89 问:圣道怎样产生果效,使人得救?
How is the Word made effectual to salvation?
答:神的灵借着阅读圣道,特别是传讲圣道,作为有效的媒介,使罪人认罪回转,并且在圣洁与安慰中建立他们,使他们借着相信以致得救。
The spirit of God makes the reading, but especially the preaching of the Word, an effectual means of convincing and converting sinners, and of building them up in holiness and comfort, through faith, unto salvation.
经文:诗19:7; 129:130; 尼8:8-9; 来4:12; 帖前1:6; 徒20:32; 罗1:16; 16:25
问答90 怎样读经听道,才能使上帝的圣言对人有拯救的效力呢?
问答90 问:圣道必须如何阅读与聆听,才会产生果效使人得救?
How is the Word to be read and heard, that it may become effectual to salvation?
答:为了要使圣道产生得救的果效,我们必须以殷勤,预备,祷告的心来学习;以信心与爱心来领受它,存记在我们心中,实行在我们生命中。
That the Word may become effectual to salvation, we must attend thereunto with diligence, preparation, and prayer; receive it with faith and love, lay it up in our hearts, and practise it in our lives.
经文:申6:6; 箴8:34; 路8:18; 彼前2:1-2; 诗119:18; 来4:2; 帖后2:10; 诗119:11; 路8:15; 雅1:25
十五、圣礼是蒙恩的凭藉
问答91 圣礼怎样成为救恩的有效工具
问答91 问:圣礼怎样成为有效的救恩媒介?
How do the sacraments become effectual means of salvation?
答:圣礼成为有效的救恩媒介,不是由于其本身的功效,也不是施行者的能力;乃是唯独借着基督的赐福,祂的灵在以信领受圣礼的人心中运行。
The sacraments become means of salvation, not from any virtue in themselves, or in him that does administer them; but only by the benefit of Christ, and the working of his Spirit in them that by faith receive them.
经文:林前1:12-17; 3:7; 6:11; 12:13; 彼前3:21
问答92 圣礼是什么?
问答92 问:圣礼是什么?
What is a sacrament?
答:圣礼是基督所设立的神圣礼仪,在其中以可感受到的具体记号,将基督与新约的恩福,表明、印证、实施在信徒身上。
A sacrament is an holy ordinance instituted by Christ, wherein, by sensible signs, Christ, and the benefits of the new covenant, are represented, sealed, and applied to believers.
经文:太26:26-28; 28:19; 加3:27; 创17:10; 罗4:11; 林前1:22-26; 10:16-17; 11:26
问答93 新约的圣礼有哪些?
问答93 问:新约的圣礼有哪些?
Which are the sacraments of the New Testament?
答:新约的圣礼有“洗礼”与“主的晚餐”。
The sacraments of the New Testament are, Baptism, and the Lord’s supper.
经文:太28:19; 林前11:23-26
十六、洗礼
问答94 洗礼是什么?
问答94 问:洗礼是什么?
What is baptism?
答:洗礼是圣礼,在其中奉父子圣灵的名以水施洗确实表明印记:我们与基督连结联合,领受恩典之约的福气,并且我们归属与主。
Baptism is a sacrament, wherein the washing with water in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, dose signify and seal our ingrafting into Christ, and partaking of the benefit of the covenant of grace, and our engagement to be the Lord’s.
经文:太28:19;加3:27;罗6:3-4
问答95 洗礼应向谁施行
问答95 问:洗礼应向谁施行?
To whom is baptism to be administered?
答:洗礼不可施行于任何在有形教会之外的人,要等到他们公开认信基督,并且顺服祂,才给他们施洗;然而有形教会会员之婴儿,都应受洗。
Baptism is not to be administered to any that out of the visible church, till they profess their faith in Christ, and obedience to him; but the infants of such as are members of the visible church are to baptized.
经文:徒2:41; 8:12,36,38; 18:8; 创17:7,9-11; 徒2:38-39; 16:32-33; 22:16; 罗6:3-4; 加3:17,18,29; 西2:11-2; 彼前3:21
十七、主餐
问答96 主的晚餐是什么?
问答96 问:主的晚餐是什么?
What is the Lord’s supper?
答:主的晚餐是圣礼,在其中根据基督所定规的,分发领受饼与杯,以表明主的死;按理领受者,不是以属物质与属肉体方式,乃是借着信心,领受祂的身体和宝血,以及祂一切的恩惠,使他们的灵命得到养育,在恩典上长进。
The Lord’s supper is a sacrament, wherein, by giving and receiving bread and wine, according to Christ’s appointment, his death is showed forth; and the worthy receivers are, not after a corporal and carnal manner, but b faith, made partakes of his body and blood, with all his benefits, to their spiritual nourishment, and growth in grace.
经文:太26:26-27; 路22:19-20; 林前11:23-26; 10:16-17; 弗3:17
问答97 要为按理领受主的晚餐,必须怎样?
问答97 问:应当如何行,才是按理领受主的晚餐?
What is required to the worthy receiving of the Lord’s supper?
答:为要按理领受主的晚餐,人们应当省察自己:是否清楚分辨这是主的身体,是否以信心来领受祂为真粮,是否向主悔改,爱主爱人,重新顺服;免得不按理吃喝,就自取审判。
It is required of them that would worthily partake of the Lord’s supper, that they examine themselves of their knowledge to discern the Lord’s body, of their faith to feed upon him, of their repentance, love, and new obedience; lest, coming unworthily, they eat and drink judgment to themselves.
经文:林前11:28-29; 林后13:5; 约6:53-56; 亚12:10; 约壹4:19; 加5:6; 罗6:4,17-22; 林前14:1; 5:8; 11:18-20,27-32
十八、祷告是蒙恩的凭藉
问答98 祷告是什么?
问答98
问:祷告是什么?
What is prayer?
答:祷告是奉基督的名,承认我们的众罪,感谢祂诸般的恩慈,来向神献上我们的心愿,祈求合祂旨意的事。
Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God for things agreeable to his will, in the name of Christ, with confession of our sins, and thankful acknowledgement of his mercies.
经文:约16:23-24; 诗32:5; 但9:4-19; 约壹1:9; 诗103:1-5; 腓4:6; 诗10:17; 62:8; 罗8:27; 太26:39; 约6:33; 约壹5:14
问答99 神赐下什么准则来教导我们祷告?
问答99 问:神赐下什么准则来教导我们祷告?
What rule has God given for our direction in prayer?
答:整本圣经就是用来教导我们如何祷告;然而特别作为祷告准则,就是基督教导祂门徒的祷告内容,通称为“主祷文”。
The whole Word of God is of use to direct us in prayer; but the special rule of direction is that form of prayer which Christ taught his disciples, commonly called The Lord’s Prayer.
经文:提后3:16-17;约壹5:14;太6:9-13
十九、主祷文
问答100 主祷文的序言教训我们什么?
问答100 问:主祷文的前言,教导我们什么?
What does the preface of the Lord’s prayer teach us?
答:主祷文的前言“我们在天上的父”教导我们:以全然圣洁的敬畏与信靠之心,来亲近神,如同儿女来到父亲面前,相信他能也乐意帮助我们;并且教导我们要与他人并为他人祷告。
The preface of the Lord’s prayer, [which is, Our Father who are in heaven,] teaches us to draw near to God with all holy reverence and confidence, as children to a father, able and ready to help us; and that we should pray with and for others.
经文:诗95:6;145:19;赛64:9;太7:9-11;路11:13;约1:12-13;罗8:15;加4:4;弗3:12,20;亚8:21;徒12:5;弗6:18;提前2:1-2
问答101 在“主祷文”第一祈求,我们祷告什么?
问答101
问:在“主祷文”第一祈求,我们祷告什么?
What do we pray for in the first petition?
答:在第一祈求“愿人都尊祢的名为圣”中,我们祷告求神赐力量给我们和他人,使我们在一切祂用以显明自己的事上,荣耀祂;并且求祂行作万事,彰显祂自己的荣耀。
In the first petition, [which is, Hallowed be Your name,] we pray, That God would enable us and others to glorify him in all that whereby he makes himself known and that he would dispose all things to his own glory.
经文:诗67:1-3; 99:3; 100:3-4; 145; 帖后3:1; 赛64:1-2; 罗11:33-36; 启4:11
问答102 在“主祷文”第二祈求,我们祷告什么?
要理问答102
问:在“主祷文”第二祈求,我们祷告什么?
What do we pray for in the second petition?
答:在第二祈求“愿祢的国降临”中,我们祷告:撒但国度被消灭;恩典的国度扩张,我们与他人被带入并蒙保守在其中;荣耀的国度快快来临
In the second petition, [which is, Thy kingdom come,] we pray that Satan’s kingdom may be destroyed; and that the kingdom of grace may be advanced, ourselves and others brought into it, and kept in it; and that the kingdom of glory may be hastened.
经文:诗68:1-2; 太12:25-38; 罗16:20; 约壹3:8; 诗51:18; 67:1-3; 72:11; 119:5; 路22:32; 罗10:1; 帖后3:1-5; 彼后3:11-13; 启22:20
问答103 我们在主祷文第三条求什么?
要理问答103 问:在“主祷文”第三祈求,我们祷告什么?
What do we pray for in the third petition?
答:在第三祈求“愿祢的旨意行在地上,如同行在天上”中,我们祷告:求神以祂的恩典,使我们能够在凡事上乐意,认识、遵从、顺服祂的旨意,如同天使在天上所行的一样。
In the third petition, [which is, Your will be done in earth, as it is in heaven,] we pray, That god, by His grace, would make us able and willing to know, obey, and submit to His will in all things, as the angels do in heaven.
经文:诗119:18,34-36; 腓2:13; 徒21:14; 伯1:21; 太26:42; 诗103:20-22
问答104 我们在“主祷文”第四祈求中,祷告什么?
要理问答104
问:我们在“主祷文”第四祈求中,祷告什么?
What do we pray for in the fourth petition?
答:我们在第四祈求中:“我们日用的饮食,今日赐给我们”,祷告求神赐下祂白白恩典,使我们丰富领受今生所需的美善事物,使我们享受祂的恩福。
In the fourth petition, [which is, Give us this day our daily bread,] we pray, That of God’s free gift we may receive a competent portion of the good things of this life, and enjoy His blessing with them.
经文:诗30:8; 箴30:8; 太6:31-34; 腓4:11,19; 提前6:6-8; 诗90:17; 箴10:22; 传3:13; 提前4:4-5
问答105 我们在主祷文第五条求什么?
要理问答105
问:我们在“主祷文”第五祈求中,祷告什么?
What do we pray for in the fifth petition?
答:我们在第五祈求中:“免我们的债,如同我们免了人的债”,祷告求神为了基督的缘故,白白饶恕我们一切的罪;并且激励我们如此祈求,因为借着祂的恩典,我们才能从心里饶恕他人。
In the fifth petition, [which is, And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debts,] we pray, That God, for Christ’s sake, would freely pardon all our sins; which we are the rather encouraged to ask, because by His grace we are enabled from the heart to forgive others.
经文:诗51:1-2,7,9; 但9:17-19; 约壹1:7; 弗1:7; 徒2:38; 太6:14; 18:23-25; 弗4:32; 罗15:7; 西3:13
问答106 我们在“主祷文”第六祈求中,祷告什么?
要理问答106
问:我们在“主祷文”第六祈求中,祷告什么?
What do we pray for in the sixth petition?
答:我们在第六祈求中:“不叫我们遇见试探,救我们脱离凶恶”,祷告求神保守我们不受试探以致犯罪,或当我们受试探时, 扶助并拯救我们。
In the sixth petition, [which is, And lead us into to temptation, but deliver us from evil,] we pray, That God would either keep us from being tempted to sin, or support and deliver us when we are tempted.
经文:太26:41; 诗19:13; 51:10-12; 约17:15; 路22:31-32; 林前10:13; 林后12:7-9; 来2:18
问答107 “主祷文”的结语,教导我们什么?
要理问答107
问:“主祷文”的结语,教导我们什么?
What does the conclusion of the Lord’s prayer teach us?
答:“主祷文”的结语“因为国度,权柄,荣耀,全是祢的,直到永远,阿们”教导我们: 唯独从神得着激励来祷告,并且在祷告中赞美祂,将国度,权柄,荣耀都归给祂。最后,我们说“阿们”,是要见证我们的心愿,并且确信我们的祷告蒙垂听。
The conclusion of the Lord’s prayer, [which is, For yours is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever, Amen.] teaches us, to take our encouragement in prayer from God only, and in our prayers to praise him, ascribing kingdom, power, and glory to him. And, in testimony of our desire, and assurance to be heard, we say, Amen.
经文:但9:4,7-9,18-19; 路18:1,7-8; 诗5:2; 弗3:20-21; 代上29:10-13; 提前1:17; 启5:11-13; 林前14:16; 启22:20