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尼西亚信经
尼西亚信经说明
《尼西亚信经》是在西元325年第一次召开的教会议会中制定的。当时亚利乌(Arius, 256-336,或译作 亚流)及其理论在教会中造成分裂,他主张圣子为圣父所造,因此与圣父不同本质。此说被亚历山大的主教定为异端,但后来却因他的口才与政治长才,得蒙亚城之外地区的支持,而造成两派的对立。罗马皇帝君士坦丁(Constantine)深恐教会会因此分裂,于是在325 年尼西亚这个地方召开会议,深盼在神学观点上取得共识。议会共有318位主教参加,除了少数几位来自西方教会之外,其余皆是说希腊语的东方教会代表,而这其中又分为安提阿的亚利乌派,亚历山大的正统派及由历史家优西比乌(Eusebius, 260-340)所领导的中间派。当亚利乌派的代表优西比乌(非历史家)提出其信仰论点时,立即受到强烈的否定,且被定为异端;于是在皇帝的特使侯休斯(Hosius of Cordova)的领导之下,完成了《尼西亚信经》,并经所有主教的签名表示接纳。此信经被送到帝国各处,是第一个具有权威又普遍的信仰告白。
《尼西亚信经》很明显的是反对亚利乌的神学:子是“从真神而来的真神”,虽是生出的,却是“从父而来”,而“非受造”;而且子是“从父的本体而来”,并且“与父本体相同”,都是针对亚利乌派错误而提出的。
此信经与今日教会使用的《尼西亚信经》并不完全相同,后者较前者为长,且不包含一些《尼西亚信经》中重要的用语。为何有此演变,则无人知晓了!
尼西亚信经
1. 我信独一上帝,全能的父,创造天地和有形无形万物的主。
2. 我信独一主耶稣基督,上帝的独生子,在万世以前为父所生, 出于神而为神,出于光而为光,出于真神而为真神,受生 而非被造,与父一体,万物都是借着他造的;
3. 为要拯救我们世人,从天降临,因着圣灵,并从童女马利 亚成肉身,而为人;
4. 在本丢彼拉多手下,为我们钉于十字架上,受难,埋葬;
5. 照圣经第三天复活;
6. 并升天,坐在父的右边;
7. 将来必有荣耀再降临,审判活人死人;他的国度永无穷尽;
8. 我信圣灵,赐生命的主,从父和子出来,与父子同受敬拜, 同受尊荣,他曾借众先知说话。
9. 我信独一神圣大公使徒的教会;
10. 我认使罪得赦的独一洗礼;
11. 我望死人复活;
12. 并来世生命。
The Nicene Creed
I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.
And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all worlds; God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God; begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father, by whom all things were made.
Who, for us men and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit of the virgin Mary, and was made man; and was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate; He suffered and was buried; and the third day He rose again, according to the Scriptures; and ascended into heaven, and sits on the right hand of the Father; and He shall come again, with glory, to judge the quick and the dead; whose kingdom shall have no end.
And I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and Giver of Life; who proceeds from the Father and the Son; who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified; who spoke by the prophets.
And I believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church. I acknowledge one baptism for the remission of sins; and I look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.